Chairman of the partners' committee of the law firm "Egorov, Puginsky, Afanasyev and Partners"

For creating the largest law firm in the CIS

This year, after merging with the Ukrainian firm Magisters, the law office under the leadership of Afanasyev became the largest in the CIS. This is a critical step in expansion into the post-Soviet space, where, according to Afanasyev, Russian lawyers can play the role that the British played in Russia - senior partners and mentors. He was also active within the country: not so long ago, with his direct participation, the non-profit partnership “Promoting the Development of Corporate Legislation” was created. Its participants promise to contribute in every possible way to the creation of a comfortable business environment in Russia. According to rumors, Afanasyev is close to the Russian authorities. He himself says that his commercial success is largely due to serving national interests, which does not prevent him from defending BP in Russia, which has recently had problems with domestic law enforcement agencies.

Larisa Brycheva

Assistant to the President - Head of the Main State and Legal Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation

For liberalization of the Criminal Code

It is Brycheva who is called the “brain” of the process of liberalization of criminal legislation, including the third package of amendments to the Criminal Code, which was submitted to the Duma this year. In accordance with this reform, the lower thresholds of punishment for minor crimes have been abolished, and many economic crimes are now punished with large fines rather than imprisonment. At the same time, Brycheva is considered the ideologist of a sharp - in some cases, a hundredfold - increase in fines for officials accepting bribes. At the same time, Brycheva, according to rumors, behaves not at all liberally with her opponents. Thus, she is considered the initiator of the resignation of Vladimir Ovchinsky, an adviser to the chairman of the Constitutional Court, who criticized the reform of the Criminal Code.

Nikolay Gorokhov

Lawyer for Sergei Magnitsky's mother

For the “Magnitsky case”

This year, the relatives of lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, who died in a pre-trial detention center, and his colleagues at Hermitage Capital, having secured the support of Western public opinion and the tacit consent of part of the Russian power elite, attacked the domestic law enforcement and judicial systems on all fronts. This attack was led by Nikolai Gorokhov, who publicly exposed both the investigators who led the case and the prison doctors who actually brought Magnitsky to death. A criminal case has been officially opened against the latter. Now Gorokhov is fighting the decision of the Prosecutor General's Office to reopen - allegedly by decision of the Constitutional Court - the case against Sergei Magnitsky.

Pavel Krasheninnikov

Chairman of the Russian Lawyers Association, head of the State Duma Committee on Legislation

For efforts to improve the legal education system

The former Minister of Justice of the Russian Federation took an active part in the work on the most resonant bills passed through parliament this year. He supported the liberalization of criminal legislation and, together with colleagues from the Association of Lawyers, proposed a number of amendments to the law “On the Police”. True, not all of them were accepted, but, according to Krasheninnikov himself, all of them were personally reviewed by President Medvedev. But the main thing is that the Association of Lawyers, which he heads, is involved in a lot of not always noticeable, but important cases. It conducts public certification of law schools, and it has also deployed a whole network of points to provide free legal assistance in most regions of Russia.

Vyacheslav Lebedev

Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation

For a series of resonant solutions

The activities of the Supreme Court over the past year have been in the center of public attention several times. There were decisions that were received very ambiguously, but there were also those that can confidently be called, albeit local, but victories of justice. Thus, the court chaired by Vyacheslav Lebedev declared illegal the extension of the arrest of Mikhail Khodorkovsky and Platon Lebedev as part of the investigation of the second criminal case against them. This decision became the reason for issuing a private ruling against the head of the Moscow City Court, Olga Egorova, for gross violations during the trial. In addition, the Supreme Court confirmed the legality of the ban on the activities of nationalists from the DPNI. And last week, he overturned a high-profile conviction against businessman Alexei Kozlov and declared illegal the plans of the St. Petersburg authorities to build a bridge between Vasilyevsky and Novo-Admiralteysky islands in the UNESCO-protected historical center of the city (this project caused sharp public opposition).

Andrey Makarov

State Duma Deputy

For the fight against the first version of the law “On the Police”

This year, Deputy Makarov, who was not previously distinguished by his marked loyalty to the authorities, acquired the image of an intra-system oppositionist. The harsh criticism with which he attacked law enforcement agencies, both as a deputy and as the host of the TV show “Justice,” caused a wide public outcry. According to some reports, Makarov was threatened with physical harm, and his program was taken off the air. The deputy's proposals sounded very radical, not to say eccentric, right up to the complete dissolution of the police. Also, largely through the efforts of Makarov, the most odious aspects such as the “presumption of correctness” of law enforcement officers were excluded from the bill “On the Police”.

Sergey Pepelyaev

Managing partner of the law firm "Pepelyaev Group"

For the right business strategy

In July in Paris, Pepelyaev’s company was awarded the title of the best Russian law firm as part of the prestigious international competition International Legal Alliance Summit & Awards. Sergei Pepelyaev himself claims that the secret of a lawyer’s success is attention to detail, and calls his business strategy “nationally oriented.” Unlike many of his colleagues, he is in no hurry to team up with major Western players, arguing that this gives him an additional competitive advantage: he is the one the Russian government turns to when it comes to legal support for projects of national importance - for example, writing the law on the Olympics.

Alexey Shurygin

Judge of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation

For the release of Alexey Kozlov

The judicial panel for criminal cases of the Supreme Court, chaired by Alexei Shurygin, overturned the scandalous sentence of businessman Alexei Kozlov, and two days later he was released. Kozlov was sentenced by the Presnensky District Court of Moscow to eight years in prison for fraud. However, the entrepreneur’s lawyers assured that the case was falsified. Having gone through all the authorities, it ended up in the Supreme Court, where Alexey Shurygin was able to understand it and overturned the verdict, sending the case for a new trial. Shurygin has long had a reputation as a principled judge, whose independence and fairness of decisions are very rarely called into question. His authority is also supported by the fact that he has been a judge of the Supreme Court since 1988, and since 1994 he has also headed the Cassation Chamber of the Supreme Court.

Anastasia Uderevskaya

Lawyer of the City Without Drugs Foundation

For the defense of Yegor Bychkov

Like the foundation itself, its chief lawyer gained all-Russian fame thanks to the case of Yegor Bychkov, whom she defended in court. And if the first sentence was quite harsh: three and a half years in prison, then after a public outcry and an appeal, Uderevskaya managed to achieve a suspended sentence. And what went virtually unnoticed by everyone - in June of this year, Uderevskaya ensured that the Leninsky Court of Nizhny Tagil completely removed this criminal record from Yegor Bychkov. Now Uderevskaya’s attention is focused on the events in Sagra: she actively defends the local “militia”. Her opponents claim that she is promoting herself on high-profile and dubious cases, her supporters claim that she defends the humiliated and insulted, precisely those whom traditional liberal human rights activists usually ignore.

Nikolay Khabarov

Deputy Prosecutor of the Chechen Republic

For boldly admitting your own powerlessness

Khabarov is one of the few officials who openly talks about problems in the law enforcement system of Chechnya. Thus, in one of the responses to a request from the Nizhny Novgorod “Committee against Torture,” Khabarov notes: “The investigative bodies do not carry out urgent investigative actions in a timely manner; departmental control over the investigation of criminal cases by the leadership of the Investigative Committee is actually not carried out. ... There are facts of cover-up of crimes related to the kidnapping of citizens by the investigators themselves.” In the conditions prevailing in Chechnya, this recognition alone is worthy of respect. Although, of course, the organization of effective prosecutorial supervision over Chechen investigators would be worthy of even greater respect.

Failure of the year

Olga Egorova

Chairman of the Moscow City Court

For "Mosgorstyd"

The Moscow City Court has long had a reputation as an institution that has a very unique understanding of the postulate of the independence of judges and the fairness of justice. Politicians, human rights activists, and public figures blamed Olga Egorova for the practice of dismissing undesirable judges, for frankly unfair decisions, and for the fact that during her chairmanship of the Moscow City Court such concepts as “Basmanny justice” and “Mosgorstyd” came into use. Scandals like the public statements of Judge Danilkin’s assistant Natalya Vasilyeva that the decision in the YUKOS case was made for him in the Moscow City Court did not add to Egorova’s authority.

Recently, a professional assessment has been added to the public assessment of a judge’s performance. The Supreme Court issued a special ruling to Olga Egorova regarding gross violations during the second criminal case against Khodorkovsky and Lebedev. Almost simultaneously, the same Supreme Court released from prison businessman Alexei Kozlov, whose conviction was upheld by the Moscow City Court. And even emphasized loyalty to the authorities, according to many experts, will not be able to save Yegorova from an imminent resignation - even if it is probably quite honorable.

Photos: ITAR-TASS; RIA Novosti (3); TV company Echo; Dmitry Lebedev (2), Vladislav Lonshakov/Kommersant; Alexey Mayshev for RR; Press service of the Prosecutor's Office of the Chechen Republic

Details of the rescue of a lawyer who was seriously injured have become known

The lawyer for the family of Sergei Magnitsky, Nikolai Gorokhov, almost died on Tuesday while trying to lift a jacuzzi on a homemade winch into his apartment in Troitsk. The unreliable structure broke, and Gorokhov fell from the height of the fourth floor, receiving serious injuries.

As MK learned, at around 3 p.m., workers brought a square hydromassage bathtub weighing about 100 kilograms to Raduzhnaya Street. This plumbing fixture is used. Gorokhov bought it through an advertisement.

In general, a 49-year-old lawyer owns an apartment of 185 square meters in a low-rise residential complex. m on the last, fourth floor, as well as a veranda of a similar area. The lawyer lives here with his wife and 13-year-old daughter. For many years now, Gorokhov has been making repairs with his own hands.

He insulated the veranda, plastered the walls in the apartment, and laid floors in some places. In the bathroom, for taking water procedures, I blocked off a place behind a curtain.

In order not to waste time lifting building materials, he built a winch from available materials and installed it on the veranda. More than once, specialists from the management company said that the mechanism was extremely unreliable, but Gorokhov brushed it off. He lifted heavy sheets of drywall in this way. However, each time I informed the building manager, and they controlled the process.

This time Gorokhov did not tell anyone about the rise of the Jacuzzi. The workers suggested disassembling the bathtub, removing the motors and pumps and thus dragging it into the apartment - in principle, it would fit through the doorway. But the lawyer confidently stated that he would lift the bathtub in the usual way. Using a winch, he began to pull it onto the veranda - and the structure could not stand it. The Jacuzzi flew down, followed by the winch and the “horned” counterweight - it fell straight into the bathtub, breaking through it like a piece of cardboard. The bathtub was also cracked. Fortunately, Gorokhov fell nearby - otherwise the counterweight would have caused him fatal injuries. The workers managed to jump away.

Around this time, Gorokhov’s daughter returned from school. She was shocked to see her father wounded. Two ambulances rushed to the scene. The doctors realized that they were dealing with a seriously ill patient and called a medical helicopter. The rotorcraft could not find a place to land and circled over Troitsk for a long time. As a result, the patient was loaded into carriage 03 and taken to the place where the helicopter could land. Gorokhov was taken to the Botkin hospital, he is currently in intensive care.

Help "MK"

Nikolai Gorokhov represents the interests of Natalya Magnitskaya, the mother of Hermitage Capital Management lawyer Sergei Magnitsky. He died in 2009 in a pre-trial detention center. Natalya Magnitskaya tried to bring the head of the pre-trial detention center and investigators to justice.

Nikolai Gorokhov, together with the workers, tried to lift the bathtub, but the winch could not stand it.

In Moscow, lawyer Nikolai Gorokhov, representing the interests of the mother and the wanted head of the foundation, William Browder, fell from the height of the fifth floor.

Nikolai Gorokhov fell when, together with the workers, he tried to lift the bathtub to the fifth floor using a winch. At some point, the winch gave way and the lawyer fell down. Apart from him, no one else was hurt. Gorokhov's relatives did not see the moment of his fall.

“Of course, anything can happen. An accident, or something else... We have a lot of questions about what happened, to which we cannot get answers. The winch is designed for a very large weight - several tons, much more than the bath itself. Why this winch broke is unclear. And how Nikolai fell is also a question,” the foundation said.

Now the lawyer is in the Botkin hospital in Moscow in extremely serious condition.

Nikolai Gorokhov, as a representative of the interests of Natalya Magnitskaya, was involved in many processes, where he tried to bring to justice both those responsible for the death of her son, and those officials who carried out the posthumous prosecution of Magnitsky and slowed down the case of his death.

On March 22, the Moscow City Court is scheduled to consider the appeal of William Browder’s defense against the Tverskoy Court’s decision to re-arrest him in absentia. Gorokhov was supposed to participate in the meeting, according to a press release issued on behalf of Browder.

Nikolai Gorokhov is also the main witness in the trial of the US Attorney's Office, which is scheduled to begin in May of this year in New York, in relation to the Prevezon company, which is owned by the son of Russian official Peter Katsyv, Denis Katsyv. The US prosecutor's office has charged Denis Katsyv's companies with laundering proceeds from the theft of 5.4 billion rubles - a crime uncovered by Sergei Magnitsky.

Let us remember that the US Congress passed the Magnitsky Act in December 2012. The document was directed against persons allegedly involved in the death of Magnitsky in a pre-trial detention center in 2009. The list included those to whom personal restrictions were applied. Later, the list was replenished with the names of people whom the United States suspects of human rights violations.

The sanctions consist of a ban on entry into the country and the seizure of all accounts of the named person in American banks.

Do you think you are Russian? Were you born in the USSR and think that you are Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian? No. This is wrong.

Are you actually Russian, Ukrainian or Belarusian? But do you think that you are a Jew?

Game? Wrong word. The correct word is “imprinting”.

The newborn associates himself with those facial features that he observes immediately after birth. This natural mechanism is characteristic of most living creatures with vision.

Newborns in the USSR saw their mother for a minimum of feeding time during the first few days, and most of the time they saw the faces of the maternity hospital staff. By a strange coincidence, they were (and still are) mostly Jewish. The technique is wild in its essence and effectiveness.

Throughout your childhood, you wondered why you lived surrounded by strangers. The rare Jews on your way could do whatever they wanted with you, because you were drawn to them, and pushed others away. Yes, even now they can.

You cannot fix this - imprinting is one-time and for life. It’s difficult to understand; the instinct took shape when you were still very far from being able to formulate it. From that moment, no words or details were preserved. Only facial features remained in the depths of memory. Those traits that you consider to be your own.

System and observer

Let's define a system as an object whose existence is beyond doubt.

An observer of a system is an object that is not part of the system it observes, that is, it determines its existence through factors independent of the system.

The observer, from the point of view of the system, is a source of chaos - both control actions and the consequences of observational measurements that do not have a cause-and-effect relationship with the system.

An internal observer is an object potentially accessible to the system in relation to which inversion of observation and control channels is possible.

An external observer is an object, even potentially unattainable for the system, located beyond the system’s event horizon (spatial and temporal).

Hypothesis No. 1. All-seeing eye

Let's assume that our universe is a system and it has an external observer. Then observational measurements can occur, for example, with the help of “gravitational radiation” penetrating the universe from all sides from the outside. The cross section of the capture of “gravitational radiation” is proportional to the mass of the object, and the projection of the “shadow” from this capture onto another object is perceived as an attractive force. It will be proportional to the product of the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the distance between them, which determines the density of the “shadow”.

The capture of “gravitational radiation” by an object increases its chaos and is perceived by us as the passage of time. An object opaque to “gravitational radiation”, the capture cross section of which is larger than its geometric size, looks like a black hole inside the universe.

Hypothesis No. 2. Inner Observer

It is possible that our universe is observing itself. For example, using pairs of quantum entangled particles separated in space as standards. Then the space between them is saturated with the probability of the existence of the process that generated these particles, reaching its maximum density at the intersection of the trajectories of these particles. The existence of these particles also means that there is no capture cross section on the trajectories of objects that is large enough to absorb these particles. The remaining assumptions remain the same as for the first hypothesis, except:

Time flow

An outside observation of an object approaching the event horizon of a black hole, if the determining factor of time in the universe is an “external observer,” will slow down exactly twice - the shadow of the black hole will block exactly half of the possible trajectories of “gravitational radiation.” If the determining factor is the “internal observer,” then the shadow will block the entire trajectory of interaction and the flow of time for an object falling into a black hole will completely stop for a view from the outside.

It is also possible that these hypotheses can be combined in one proportion or another.