Road junctions and rules for their passage. T-shaped intersection - driving rules with analysis of situations

There are not only controlled road intersections within the city limits. If there is no traffic light or traffic controller, or, say, the traffic light is not working, then the traffic intersection becomes uncontrollable. The traffic rules describe similar situations. At the same time, the uncontrolled intersections through which we are now considering also include the intersection uneven roads, that is, when there is a main road intersecting a secondary one, and an intersection of equivalent roads. Of course, in the absence of active regulation, the order of travel through such transport interchanges; signs that do not have priority at other junctions come to the fore here.

Basics

In fact, there are only three basic rules for driving through uncontrolled intersections. The advantage when crossing will be for a car traveling on the main road, for a tram if there are tracks at the intersection of roads, and for traffic on the right. Now let's look at each situation in more detail.

If we are dealing with an uncontrolled intersection, at which priority and secondary roads are designated in one way or another, then the task is greatly simplified. A car moving along the priority route must continue to maneuver, and those driving along the secondary route must stop before the traffic intersection and make sure that they do not interfere with others Vehicle, and only after that leave. The main one is indicated, and on the secondary road there is an inverted triangle “Give way” hanging before the exit. If there are no signs, then pay attention to the surface: dirt will always be secondary in relation to asphalt. In general, in addition to the “Give Way” sign, a “No Stopping is Prohibited” sign may be installed at an uncontrolled intersection. In this case, even if there are no obstacles to perform the maneuver, you need to stop completely before crossing the road and only then continue driving.

If at an unregulated intersection passage is provided for a tram, that is, it has rails, then the tram will have priority. The nuance is that this rule will only work if the tram is traveling in the main direction. If he approaches from the secondary side, he will have to yield in the same way as other cars. Moreover, if a tram moves from the main one to the secondary one, then it will also have priority in movement. This, by the way, also applies to trackless vehicles. That is, if you are moving from the main direction to a secondary one, then drivers of cars on this secondary road are obliged to give way to you and only after that begin to make their maneuver.

We looked at driving through an uncontrolled intersection, the rules for crossing which are determined by signs. Now let's take more difficult case when there are no signs at the traffic intersection. This can happen, by the way, if a traffic light breaks down at the intersection of city streets. In this case, the right interference rule applies. If on equivalent intersection no others current rules passage, then you are obliged to give way to cars driving towards you, relatively speaking, on the right side. You've probably seen this rule in action in large parking lots, because every intersection there is unregulated and the roads are of equal importance. In this case, when approaching a traffic intersection, you need to slow down, assess the situation and, if a car is moving along the road to your right, stop and let it pass. Driving along such traffic intersections requires your concentration and concentration, since the cost of a mistake is too high. By the way, don’t forget to pay attention to... They try not to leave uncontrolled traffic intersections where there are pedestrian crossings, but in any case, if there are appropriate markings, the pedestrian always has priority.

Who is more important

When approaching an intersection, whether it is signalized or not, pay attention to the signs. The performance of a traffic light can only be assessed from afar if it is blinking yellow, but you may notice a traffic light that is completely turned off already too late. You must know which road you are on at any time as you approach a traffic intersection. If , then you must act on its signaling. Please note that when the traffic light is running, other priority distribution rules do not apply!

But let’s assume that there is no traffic light at the intersection, and there is no traffic controller. Then pay attention to the signs and markings. If there is a “Main Road” diamond in the direction of your movement, then you can continue moving further, naturally, giving way to a passing or oncoming tram if they need to turn. This sign gives you priority, and drivers crossing your road with a secondary road will stop and let you pass. If there is another sign in the direction of your movement, for example, “Give way” or “Driving without stopping is prohibited,” then you must stop and let cars driving along the priority road pass. Driving through an uncontrolled intersection, according to the rules that apply to a secondary road, should only be carried out when there are no obstacles for maneuver. You may have to stand for a long time, but this is primarily for safety reasons. The fact is that drivers driving on the main road will not slow down. That is, if a collision occurs, it will be quite strong and can lead to irreparable consequences.

Signs can be located either on the side or on top. Therefore, be very careful when approaching an unfamiliar section of road that is crossed by another road. If there are no symbols and designations on your side, look at oncoming lane. Based on the shape of the sign hanging there, you can deduce what exactly it means. That is, “Main Road” is a rhombus, and “Give Way” is an inverted triangle. You can navigate in the same way if the signs on your side of the road are not duplicated, but only on the opposite side.

Don't forget about which road you are driving on. If this dirt road flowing into or crossing the asphalt road, then it is considered secondary by default. Be especially careful when driving through an uncontrolled intersection on the highway, because car speeds there are not nearly the same as in city limits, and the consequences can be disastrous. If both roads are, for example, dirt roads, then remember the rule of interference on the right.

Your actions at such a road junction should be predictable and easy to read. Other drivers must understand what exactly you will do now, so do not forget about turn signals and other signals. Make sure you are visible on the road and use your side lights. In general, you should always remember that crossing the road is dangerous place for maneuvers. Therefore, try to strictly and strictly follow the rules when driving through an uncontrolled intersection. The rules state that movement along the traffic intersection and maneuvers on it must be carried out, saying in simple language, without delay and transparently.

Conclusion

So, there are only three rules for driving through an uncontrolled intersection. This is the advantage of the main road, the advantage of the tram and the obstacle on the right. Strict adherence to them, as well as concentration and competent assessment traffic conditions will allow you to safely and comfortably cross such junctions without creating a threat to yourself or other drivers. The rules for crossing and performing maneuvers in this case are spelled out quite categorically. If in other situations drivers have some limits, for example, they themselves can choose the turning trajectory based on the road situation, but here rigidity, as you no doubt understand, is necessary.

Driving a car requires concentration, but the city limits certainly make demands on the driver. increased requirements. The driver must be attentive and careful, quickly and correctly assess the situation and predict the maneuvers of other road users at least one step ahead. All this comes with riding experience. So pay attention to signs and traffic lights, they will help you acquire the necessary skill. And refresh your memory of traffic rules more often; don't forget to follow their updates.

Driving on an open and straight highway is perfect option carefree driving life. However, most often we are forced to move through special areas in which special, specialized rules. These areas include:

• crossroads;
• adjacent territory;
• locality;
• crosswalk;
• railroad crossing;
• motorway.

Let's repeat! This special areas With special rules movements.

Crossroads

Incredibly complex and important site The road appears to be precisely an intersection. No matter how the driver tries to avoid meeting him, it will not work. This is where the paths of vehicles and pedestrians intersect. This is where they “work” as much as possible: someone takes advantage, and someone must give way.

Definition from traffic rules (clause 1.2):

“Intersection” is a place where roads intersect, adjoin or branch at the same level, limited by imaginary lines connecting, respectively, the opposite, most distant from the center of the intersection, beginnings of curvatures of roadways. Exits from adjacent areas are not considered intersections.

Let's try to understand the intricacies of this definition and the concept of “crossroads” in general.

1. An intersection is a section formed by the intersection (junction, branching) of roads in the same plane.

From this we conclude that driving under a bridge, overpass or overpass will not be considered an intersection.

The intersection of roads must be real - at the same level (or - it would be more correct to say - in the same plane).

2. From the definition proposed in the traffic rules, it is very difficult to imagine the structure of the intersection. But if you look at it in detail, the intersection is not only the intersection of roadways; it is wider and begins at the corners of curbs or shoulders.

3. The question of the types of intersections is fundamental. After all, there are a huge number of them:

a) classic four-digit (or “cruciform”) intersection;

b) an intersection without one side passage (T- figurative crossroads);

c) three-digit Y-intersection.

An intersection can also have a rather complex architecture, where you can encounter not just one intersection of roadways, but 2 or more.

At the intersection shown in the figure above, there are two roadways crossing each other. And this question will be fundamental when studying road signs. There are simply signs (for example, prescriptive 4.1-4.6) that act precisely at the intersection in front of which the sign is installed.

And there are signs that can apply to the entire intersection (for example, “Main Road”).

Therefore, the number of roadway crossings is an important indicator of an intersection.

Another complex intersection has a special status - with in a circular motion.

The rules for its passage are a separate matter.

The driver’s task is to clearly know the rules for driving through any intersection that he encounters on his way. And we will definitely be faced with this problem in the future.

And one last thing. According to traffic regulations, exits from adjacent territories (and, consequently, entrances to them) are not intersections. Let’s look at what this “adjacent territory” is next.

Adjacent territory

In addition to the roads themselves, the road transport network Russian Federation includes whole line areas along which traffic occurs, but which, according to traffic regulations, are not roads. We are talking about the surrounding area.

Definition from traffic rules (clause 1.2):

"Adjacent Territory"- the area immediately adjacent to the road and not intended for through traffic vehicles (yards, residential areas, parking lots, gas stations, enterprises, etc.). Movement in the adjacent territory is carried out in accordance with these Rules.

By definition, the adjacent area is adjacent (or adjacent) to the road. And therefore she herself is not considered such. This, of course, is a controversial statement, but it follows from the very letter of the Rules.

The adjacent territory includes areas where through traffic is prohibited:

1) gas stations;

2) courtyard areas;

3) parking places for vehicles;

4) territories of enterprises, institutions, etc.

Unfortunately, it is very problematic to accurately determine the exit from the adjacent territory. And this question is fundamental. The fact is that such exits are not considered intersections. The term “intersection” can be applied to them, but not “intersection of roadways” (or intersection).

And the principle of the question is as follows. For example, the nine most odious (including signs prohibiting overtaking, stopping, parking, limiting the maximum speed, etc.) are canceled by the intersection closest to the direction of travel.

Therefore, a driver who recognizes himself and mistakes the exit from the adjacent territory as an intersection risks violating the Rules and being punished for violating the requirements of these signs. In the future, a fine or even deprivation of your driver's license!

That is why you need to sacredly remember the rule: leaving the adjacent territory (or entering it) is not an intersection!

Locality

In the traffic rules there are no concepts of “city”, “village”, “metropolis” or “country”. There are sections of roads designated as “populated area” or “outside settlement" And these areas are indicated by corresponding signs.

Definition from traffic rules (clause 1.2):

"Locality"- a built-up area, the entrances to and exits from which are marked with signs 5.23.1 - 5.26.

Therefore, in Russian practice traffic There are three main sections of the road: built-up area, outside the built-up area and highway. Such areas differ in the requirements that are imposed on drivers moving along them. And the main requirement is maximum speed.

But, returning to the concept of a settlement, one should ask the question: “Why are there three signs indicating this area?” For one concept – three signs at once? Let's figure it out.

Locality signs - black on white - mean that this area roads have rules regulating traffic in the populated area. Let’s call such a site a “real populated area.” That is general limitation maximum speed traffic here is no more than 60 km/h.

The second type of sign “Settled area” - white on blue - indicates a section of the road where traffic rules outside a populated area apply. In other words, the maximum speed here is classically limited - no more than 90 km/h (for vehicles of category B). As it should be outside the populated area!

A reasonable question arises: “Why is the last sign needed?” Or this: “Why call a site a populated area if it is not one?”

And it exists to inform the driver that he is passing by this very populated area, but has not yet entered it (and may not enter it until he encounters a “Settled Area” sign on his way - black on white!). But even here elements of the infrastructure of a settlement can be concentrated: bus stops, an abundance of intersections, pedestrian crossings, tram tracks, etc. But this is not a populated area!

Of course, such a mixture of concepts and signs is an absolute confusion. But these are our traffic rules that we must follow and comply with. Unfortunately, there are no others!

Crosswalk

Pedestrian safety on the road - here the main objective pedestrian crossing, which usually crosses roadway, and possibly also tram lines. Hitting a pedestrian in such areas - gross violation Traffic violations punishable by law.

But... Let's not talk about the bad.

Definition from traffic rules (clause 1.2):

"Crosswalk"- a section of the roadway, tram tracks, marked with signs 5.19.1, 5.19.2 and (or) markings 1.14.1, 1.14.2 and allocated for the movement of pedestrians across the road. In the absence of markings, the width of the pedestrian crossing is determined by the distance between signs 5.19.1 and 5.19.2.

Regarding the pedestrian crossing at this stage A couple of comments should be made.

Note 1.

The pedestrian on this section of the road enjoys virtually complete and unconditional priority. And all drivers must let him pass at the moment when he crosses the roadway at an organized crossing.

But let’s not argue: they say, before stepping onto the roadway, a pedestrian is obliged to make sure that his crossing is safe, etc. This is required by the section of the traffic rules responsible for the duties of a pedestrian (section 4, by the way!).

Dear lovers of truth and lawyers! Arbitrage practice Russia, unfortunately, does not take into account the above provisions of the traffic rules. A pedestrian was hit at a crossing - the driver is to blame! And it can be incredibly difficult to prove otherwise! But it’s practically impossible! That’s why we postulate: a pedestrian must be allowed to pass when he is at a pedestrian crossing or even has his foot raised above it for the just-planned crossing of the roadway (or tram tracks).

Note 2.

The width of a pedestrian crossing is a fundamental issue, because it is prohibited to perform a number of maneuvers here (overtaking, turning around, moving in reverse etc.). Therefore, knowing the dimensions of the crossing is to protect yourself from traffic violations and responsibility for it.

If a pedestrian crossing is marked with a zebra crossing (combined with or without signs), then the width of the crossing will correspond to the width of the markings.

If there is no marking (or it is indistinguishable, for example, in winter), then the width of the transition will be the distance between the signs.

Directions pedestrian crossings- a special topic. It became the subject of a special review on the 14th traffic rules section. This circumstance indicates the special importance of the problem.

Railroad crossing

On the driver's path, there may also be unusual road infrastructure objects. For example, railway tracks. Intersection railway tracks by vehicles is possible only along a specially created section of the road - a railway crossing.

Definition from traffic rules (clause 1.2):

"Railroad crossing"— intersection of the road with the railway tracks at the same level.

It is not difficult to guess that a railway crossing is a real intersection of a road with rails, and not a passage under a bridge (under them) or along a bridge (above them).

The danger of passing a railway crossing determines special requirements to its organization: at a set distance to it on the road it is obligatory.

And in front of it they organize: a traffic light, a barrier and even automatic barriers.

The importance of railway crossings is also confirmed by the 15th section specially highlighted in the traffic rules, which regulates the principles of crossing railway tracks by vehicles.

Motorway

The general principles of maximum speed limits in force in the Russian Federation indicate a particularly high-speed section of the road. Its name is the highway!

“Motorway” is a road marked with sign 5.1 and having carriageways for each direction of travel, separated from each other by a dividing strip (and in its absence, by a road fence), without intersections at the same level with other roads, railways or tram tracks, pedestrian or bicycle paths.

A highway is not just a section of road. This special kind road marked special sign– 5.1 “Highway”. This is special highway! Category B vehicles can “fly” here at a speed of 110 km/h. Moreover, the Rules stipulate that they have the right to install signs and “raise” the speed to 130 km/h.

And if you consider that administrative law The Russian Federation begins to punish only for speeding by more than 20 km/h - let's add another 20. And it turns out that on some sections of highways it is possible to drive at a speed not exceeding 150 km/h. Killer speed!

Such speed characteristics make clear the restrictions that are introduced on this section of the road. No intersections in the same plane, no railway crossings or tram lines, as well as surface pedestrian crossings, etc. shouldn't be here. Full list restrictions in force on the highway are reflected in the special 16th section of the traffic rules.

But most importantly! Motorway status can only be assigned to a road that has dividing strip or a bump stop (special fence) that prevents (or makes it difficult) driving onto the oncoming roadway.

In most cases, only drivers with extensive experience know about older generation cars.

Requirements for the tires you use depend on the season and try to strictly follow them.

Possible reasons for stopping a car by a traffic police officer.

The complexity of the highway infrastructure, constant control As a rule, the quality of the road determines the toll here.

May be of interest:

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Competently driving through intersections is not the easiest task for many novice drivers. Even experienced motorists often make mistakes when crossing this section of the road - at best, they create an emergency situation, and at worst, they provoke an accident. To properly drive through a road intersection, it is important to know the basic rules for driving through intersections, as well as their definition and common types. You can learn all this right now, namely, learn how to overcome any types of road intersections.

4 popular intersection schemes

In terms of the order of movement road transport intersections are classified into only two types - controlled and unregulated. A controlled intersection is equipped with a traffic light, or traffic controllers are stationed at it.

At intersections of the second type, motorists independently decide in what order they will drive. These also include intersections where there is a traffic light that is not working or is working in yellow flashing mode, or a traffic controller who is not giving any signals.

According to the design of highway intersections, they are classified into 4 types, presented below:

1. Quadruple. Most dangerous look, since in this case there are as many as 32 conflict points between the flows of cars. Besides the danger, this is the most common and familiar format.
2. T-shaped. They represent the crossing of two highways, in which one road abuts the other. In most cases this happens at an angle of 90 degrees, but it also happens differently.
3. Y-shaped. A type of T-shaped intersection, in which the angle of merging of the tracks does not reach or exceeds 90 degrees. Ta highway, which represents a break, is the main one.
4. Circular. A roundabout is an N-way intersection of roads that provides an interchange for motor vehicles. Despite the fact that many drivers have problems negotiating such structures, there are noticeably fewer accidents here than on popular four-way convergences.

Regardless of the type of road junction in front of you, you need to drive through intersections correctly in any case. There are separate recommendations for overcoming each type - read them below.

Driving through equivalent, regulated and unregulated intersections according to traffic rules

Driving through controlled intersections is much easier for the driver when compared with driving through those sections of the highway where there are no traffic lights or traffic controllers. Such intersections according to traffic rules are passed like this:

• When turning left or when turning at a green light, you must give way to drivers who are moving in the opposite direction straight or to the right. This also applies to tram drivers.
• When the green light turns on, you must give way to vehicles that are in this moment completes the road crossing. You also need to give way to pedestrians who have not yet crossed the road.

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You will notice that the rules for driving through intersections with traffic lights are few, and remembering them will not be difficult. It is important not only to know them well, but also to learn how to apply them correctly in real life.

Driving through intersections according to traffic rules, if this is an unregulated section of the road, is carried out as follows:

1. First of all, vehicles leave the road section for main road. If the trajectories intersect with each other, drivers must be guided by the rule of interference on the right.
2. The last vehicles to leave the highway section are those on the secondary road. If their trajectories intersect, you need to use the rule of interference on the right, as indicated above.
3. Vehicles with special sound and light signals activated (blue Flashing Light) can cross road intersections first due to their advantage over other cars.

Now it will be much easier for you to drive through intersections correctly, but even this is not all the recommendations.

Driving through T-shaped and roundabout intersections

Y-shaped and T-shaped sections of roads are quite easy to drive through. You only need to do two steps:

1. Drive to the intersection and slow down; if the light is red, wait.
2. When the traffic light turns green, make sure that you are being let through and begin your maneuver.

If you find yourself on an unregulated section of the highway, you need to look at the signs. When driving on the main road, you need to drive and let go only if you need to leave the main road onto a secondary road. For example, when turning left into the second passage, you must yield to those driving straight. If there is a “Give Way” sign in your visibility area, first give way to vehicles that have the right of way, and then start driving.

Negotiating a roundabout is not difficult if you remember a few simple rules:

• If there is only a “Roundabout” sign in front of the circle, then you need to cross it in the same way as any uncontrolled intersection. In this case, the well-known right hand interference rule applies.
• If, in addition to the “Roundabout” sign, there are priority signs, you need to take into account the priority when entering the circle and while driving along it. Most often, you have to yield only at the entrance to the circle, while the circle itself forms the main road, and while driving along it you can not yield to others.

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When driving to the ring, you need to turn on the right turn signal, and then turn it off.

The left turn cannot be turned on under any circumstances, even if you plan to change lanes to the far left.

Driving through an intersection with a left or straight turn must be done from the left or extreme right lane, and an intersection with a right turn can only be done from the extreme right lane.

How and why the rules for crossing intersections are violated

The most main mistake motorists - ignored traffic rules, road signs, traffic lights.

Many people do not pay attention to which highway they are driving on - the main one or the secondary one. This leads to a conflict of interests at road intersections, which in turn provokes an emergency situation.

You already know what intersections there are and how to overcome them so as not to break anything or get into an accident. Remember the information and put it into practice so that over time, competent driving becomes a habit.

Successful passage of difficult sections of the road requires the use of the Rules of the Road.

If the driver does not know how to interpret road signs or markings, he may have problems, especially in situations that do not arise often for him.

Driving through a T-junction can be exactly the kind of thing that confuses an inexperienced driver.

To prevent this from happening, you should consider in advance possible options actions when traveling along such a section of the route.

For correct understanding question, one should define the concept of an intersection.

It means the intersection of several roads, both equivalent, priority and secondary.

There are crossroads different types depending on the specifics of the intersection:

• T-shaped;
• Y-shaped, etc.

When passing each of them, it is important to follow the traffic rules and follow the instructions of signs, markings, traffic controllers and traffic lights.

Depending on the presence of the last two, the intersection can be considered regulated, and following it must comply with the signals given.

Within an intersection, the driver must correctly signal his intention to make a turn, U-turn, or other action. This will help all traffic participants correctly assess each other’s actions.

When approaching an intersection, you must take the correct position. If there are several lanes, then the car must be located in the lane from which, according to the rules, the corresponding maneuver is performed.

Rules for driving through a T-shaped intersection according to traffic rules

Traffic rules clearly regulate the behavior of drivers when passing through a T-shaped intersection. In many ways, the scenario of action depends on the type of road crossing. There are intersections:

• adjustable;
• unregulated.

Example of a T-junction

The first are characterized by the presence of a working traffic light or traffic controller. In the second case, there is no traffic light at the intersection, it is in a faulty condition and the traffic controller is not working.

Traditionally, it is the second type that causes certain difficulties for inexperienced drivers.

Adjustable (with traffic light)

When driving through this type of road intersection, you need to pay attention not only to signs and markings, but also to traffic lights.

It is he who usually shows what the driver needs to do at a particular moment in time.

Traffic light signals have the following meaning:

• red - movement is prohibited;
• yellow - a transition signal, indicating the need to prepare for the beginning of the journey or complete the started maneuver;
• green allows movement.

When following a regulated T-junction there are no particular difficulties. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the presence of an additional traffic light arrow. It is installed in order to speed up and simplify the procedure for moving along one of the lanes.

It is important to understand that when moving along additional arrow The color of the second indicator matters. If it is red, then the driver needs to be careful and give way to other vehicles.

Driving through T-shaped unregulated intersections

Difficulties may arise when driving through a T-shaped uncontrolled intersection.

In this case, traffic light signals will not help the driver to navigate.

That is why it is necessary to rely on the instructions of signs and markings.

Priority signs will indicate to drivers the need to let other vehicles pass or move first. If at a T-junction you meet no equivalent roads, then it is important to determine in a timely manner who is in charge.

A priority road may be designated:

• "Main Road" sign;
• the nature of the road surface.

In the second case, when crossing an asphalt road with gravel, the first is considered priority.

When crossing equivalent roads, there is an obstacle on the right

Let's consider how to correctly navigate t-shaped intersections of equivalent roads. If there are equivalent roads, drivers should use the “interference on the right” rule. According to it, the driver is obliged to give way to those vehicles that are on his right.

In addition, when performing a maneuver, you should pay attention to the presence one-way traffic within the intersection. When a car is moving towards an intersection where the perpendicular road is one-way, the driver should take the required lane in advance.

Rules for entering a two-way road

A separate case is the movement at a T-shaped intersection with two-way traffic.

Here the sequence of actions of the driver depends on which direction he will continue to follow.

If you need to turn right at a T-junction, follow the instructions:

1. When approaching the intersection, change into the right lane in advance.
2. Look to the left, as this is where the cars will be heading towards the intersection.
3. Look to the right.
4. If there are no approaching vehicles or vehicles blocking the exit, perform a maneuver.

If you need to turn left, proceed as follows:

1. Take the left lane in advance when approaching the intersection.
2. Turn on the appropriate turn signal.
3. Look left, then right. The situation should be analyzed comprehensively, since when performing this maneuver, movement on both sides is important.
4. When an advantageous moment appears, make a maneuver.

However, you should not fuss or panic. The main thing is to confidently and quickly carry out your plans, so as not to create an ambiguous situation on the road.

In general, there is nothing difficult when entering a two-way T-junction. The driver should follow traffic rules and be extremely careful.

Markings at a T-junction

Markings are of great importance both when following a straight part of the path and at an intersection. Often they pay attention to it when it is necessary to make a turn.

This maneuver is implemented at T-shaped road intersections under certain conditions:

• absence of vehicles approaching and interfering with the maneuver;
• Availability technical feasibility perform a U-turn. If the vehicle is large or with a trailer, in some situations it will not be possible to make a safe turn.

Intersections are an integral part of the roadway. Rules for driving through intersections worry novice motorists from the very first. And often this is associated with negative personal experience observations of congestion at intersections during rush hour: two drivers, without understanding, “shuffled” at a busy road intersection and everyone who, after a difficult working day wants to lie down on a comfortable sofa and be with his family, but is forced to indignantly spend an hour or two in a traffic jam. And how many times have we heard an irritated exclamation in public transport: “Well, why are you doing this? Interference on the right!

That is, almost everyone has a theoretical knowledge base of how to navigate intersections, even if they have not undergone long months of intense training and do not have driver's license? Is it so easy to navigate the intersection correctly?

Crossroads and its types

To safely cross any fork, you should learn to distinguish an intersection from an intersection of roads that does not belong to it. Crossroads are intersecting roads at ONE level, which means that multi-tiered winding roads, as well as passages under bridges and in tunnels are not such. And the exit from the yard or other adjacent territory to the main road in geometric coordinates alone does not belong to the intersection and the intersection of this section of the route will be done without the use of crossing intersections.

Intersections are divided into regulated and unregulated.

The former, in turn, differ in the way traffic is controlled: with a traffic light or with a traffic controller.

The second ones are made according to the type of roads crossed: equivalent or unequal. Unregulated road intersections of unequal importance differ in the location of the main road: straight, has a turn, or a circular road.

The use of traffic rules at intersections directly depends on their type.

Rules for crossing intersections

Exist General requirements to crossroads:

• when performing a maneuver, you should give way to pedestrians, cyclists and cars moving without changing their trajectory (this requirement is controversial in some situations, for example, a pedestrian is obliged to make sure that there is no vehicle or that it has stopped in front of the pedestrian, or that it is not on a certain section of the path);
• It is prohibited to drive to the intersection of roads with heavy traffic – congestion, in order to prevent further aggravation of the difficult road situation not only in the direction of one’s own movement, but also along perpendicular lanes. Even if you have a main road and the light is green, this is not a reason to create additional difficulties.
• at a controlled intersection, you should follow the light signals or, in their absence, adhere to the signs and road markings, determining the priority and queue of exit to the intersection.

Now let's take a closer look correct behavior drivers at signalized intersections with traffic lights or gesticulating:

• Rail vehicles have priority over wheeled vehicles when moving to green or the corresponding signal of the traffic controller in all cases, except for the permitted passage of an additional section of the traffic light. In this case, the tram driver is obliged to let through all vehicles whose main traffic light has turned on;
• burning arrow in additional section traffic lights require the driver to give way to vehicles moving in the other direction on a yellow light;
• The motorist is obliged to finish driving on a section of crossed roads, regardless of the traffic light signal that lights up at the exit from it. The exception in this case will be every intersection of roads with a “STOP” sign ( White background, black letters). Vehicles are required to give way to cars, pedestrians and other road users who are finishing their journey, regardless of whether the permitting light is green. This becomes especially important when driving along multi-lane highways, when those who give a good “start” on green do not notice vehicles finishing their movement, stepping on the gas in order to quickly get through to the dying yellow one.

WITH unregulated intersections a little more complicated not only in classification, but also in the rules for their passage:

• at the intersection of unequal roads, vehicles moving along a minor street give way to this path, according to traffic signs. In this case, drivers driving along the road marked yellow diamond, can pass freely, making sure that there is no rail transport, which has priority only over passing or oncoming traffic;
• if the main road is winding, then it is necessary to remember the rule of “interference on the right” between drivers driving on the main road and between traffic participants on secondary roads;
• When making a left turn or turning in the opposite direction, you must give priority to those traveling in the opposite direction. Tram drivers must also adhere to this rule among themselves;
• in any unclear situation (lack of markings, priority signs, traffic lights), you should consider yourself to be on a secondary road. Such behavior will increase attention and reduce the likelihood of an emergency.

Driving through a roundabout should begin with identifying the signs that give the right of first exit to the intersection: a white triangle with a red border or white letters “STOP” on a red background will indicate that the right of movement has been granted to those who are already at the intersection.

But the circular organization of road junctions has a number of difficulties in its operation. The vast majority of Russian cities have roundabouts with priority entry. Please note that almost all of them in the city have the same priority. Therefore, when traveling around Russia, motorists create emergency situations precisely at such simple intersections of transport routes, acting in accordance with the driving habits in their hometown.

Common mistakes

Let's look at a few typical driving mistakes And inappropriate behavior at intersections:

1. Many people simply ignore the “STOP” sign (rectangular, black letters on a white background) and the “STOP” line at a traffic light, which in the future can lead to the creation of obstacles for vehicles traveling in a perpendicular position, reducing the visibility of the road situation for those making a maneuver, or even may foreshadow emergency situation, if your car is already at the intersection of the route ahead;
2. In the everyday rush modern man appreciates every minute of his time. Too much traffic and an endless stream of cars on a weekday sometimes just drive you crazy. And noticing how the traffic light is turning yellow, we press on the gas, making more and more efforts, although it is known that yellow orders us to reduce speed, because the yellow light will replace the red one, commanding us to stop. And having flown at an impressive speed to the intersection, there is no thought that the same very busy motorist in a hurry on business is already pressing on the gas in order to be the first to cross this section and change lanes. Fiasco! No one is in a hurry anymore and everyone is waiting for the traffic police officers, nervously pressing the buttons on their mobile phones in order to cancel the meeting that was so important five minutes ago.
3. If you need to turn to vacant plot roads, for example, from the adjacent territory, but you will have to cross an impressive traffic jam, then you should clearly understand: either they will let you through, or you will have to be patient. Dashing drivers, noticing that the cars in the near lane have stopped, press the gas pedal without making sure that the cars in the other lanes are also stopped. happens in the most offensive way, and the blame is entirely on you. Therefore, you should remember that if you are already being let through, do not rush, drive slowly meter by meter and give drivers the opportunity to notice your movement and show politeness (and comply with the traffic rules when entering an intersection when there is a traffic jam) by letting you pass.

Causes of accidents at intersections

About 30% of road accidents occur at branching routes. There are a number of reasons for such disappointing statistics:

• human factor (carelessness, ignorance of the meaning of road signs and markings, intentional non-compliance with traffic rules, unfamiliar path, nervous overstrain, fatigue, etc.);
• technical malfunction of the vehicle;
• infrastructure (carrying out road works, traffic density, etc.);
• weather ( bad visibility, ice, etc.)

At the same time, the role human factor accidents account for about 82% of all causes.

Man is a rational being. And only a reasonable person can invent the rules of the game, taxation, traffic... but there will always be someone who wants to cheat... but the price of a bluff in poker, taxes or on the road can be incredibly different! Be careful, follow the traffic rules, show mutual respect on the roads and life will become easier!

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