In 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright built the Flyer airplane. The plane was equipped with a gasoline engine, and its first flight was made to a height of 3 m and lasted for 12 seconds. In 1919, the first air line from Paris to London was opened. The maximum number of passengers allowed was , and the flight duration was 4 hours.

Radio broadcast

In 1906, the first radio broadcast was broadcast. Canadian Regenald Fessenden played the violin on the radio, and his performance was received on ships thousands of miles away. By the beginning of the 1960s. The first pocket radios powered by batteries appeared.

World War I

In 1914, in which 38 countries took part. The Quadruple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria) and the Entente bloc (Russia, England, France, Italy, etc.) took part in the hostilities. The conflict occurred between Austria and Serbia due to the murder of the Austrian heir to the throne. The war has lasted more than 4 years, and more than 10 million soldiers died in battles. The Entente bloc won, but the economies of the countries fell into decline during the hostilities.

Russian Revolution

In 1917, the Great October Revolution began in Russia. The tsarist regime was overthrown and the Romanov imperial family was executed. Tsarist power and capitalism were replaced by a socialist system, which proposed to create equality for all workers. The dictatorship of the proletariat was established in the country, and class society was eliminated. A new totalitarian state has emerged - the Russian Socialist Federative Republic.

A television

In 1926, John Baird received television images, and in 1933, Vladimir Zworykin achieved better reproduction quality. Electronic images were updated on the screen 25 times per second, resulting in moving images.

The Second World War

In 1939, the Second World War began, in which 61 states took part. The initiator of military action was Germany, which attacked first Poland and later the USSR. The war lasted 6 years and claimed 65 million lives. The greatest losses during the war fell to the USSR, but thanks to the indestructible spirit, the Red Army won a victory over the fascist occupiers.

Nuclear weapon

In 1945, it was used for the first time: American armed forces dropped nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Herashima and Nagasaki. Thus, the United States sought to speed up the end of World War II with Japan. Hundreds of thousands of residents were killed, and the results of the bombing had catastrophic consequences.

Computers and Internet

In 1945, two American engineers John Eckert and John Moakley created the first electronic computer (computer), which weighed about 30 tons. In 1952, the first display was connected to a computer, and the first personal computer was created by Apple in 1983. In 1969, the Internet system was created for the exchange of information between US research centers, and by the early 1990s. The Internet has turned into a worldwide network.

A space flight

In 1961, a Soviet rocket overcame gravity and made the first flight into space with a man on board. The three-stage rocket was built under the leadership of Sergei Korolev, and the spacecraft was piloted by Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.

Collapse of the USSR

In 1985, “Perestroika” began in the Soviet Union: a system appeared, strict censorship was replaced by glasnost and democracy. But many reforms led to an economic crisis and aggravation of national contradictions. In 1991, there was a coup in the Soviet Union and the USSR broke up into 17 separate independent states. The country's territory shrank by a quarter, and the United States became the world's only superpower.

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We are in the editorial office website We were surprised when we learned an interesting fact about two symbols of the same era, and this inspired us to look for other parallels.

We present to you a selection of historical episodes that you probably know about, but did not suspect that these were events of the same time.

Van Gogh's Starry Night / Eiffel Tower

The Eiffel Tower is a fairly young attraction, but it is considered the most visited in the world. Initially, there was an idea that the entrance arch to the Paris World Exhibition of 1889 would be a temporary structure. But, as you know, there is nothing more permanent than temporary. Van Gogh's painting "The Starry Night" was born around the same time that designer Gustave Eiffel completed the work.

Invented the touchpad / Time Person of the Year - Planet Earth

In 1988, the world saw the first type of touch panel. George Gerfeide invented the touchpad, and from that time on he quickly and confidently replaced trackballs and strain gauge joysticks, becoming the most common mouse pointer control device for laptops. In the same year, Time magazine's Person of the Year was Planet Earth in danger, who could have died due to the threat of nuclear war.

Shipwreck of the Titanic / Vitamins discovered

Until 1912, there was no concept of “”; it was identified by the Polish scientist Casimir Funk. Of course, the importance of certain types of food for preventing certain diseases was known back in Ancient Egypt, but the concept itself appeared only at the beginning of the 20th century. In the same year, the famous ship Titanic set out on its first and last voyage.

Opening of the London Underground / Abolition of slavery in the USA

The first proposals for the construction of the London Underground appeared in the 30s of the 19th century, and in 1855 the construction of the Metropolitan Railway began. The first subway line opened on January 10, 1863, at which time the Civil War in the United States had not yet subsided. And only in December 1865, the overseas rulers adopted the famous Thirteenth Amendment to the US Constitution, which meant the abolition of slavery.

Periodic table / Heinz brand

The periodic system of chemical elements has a rich history, but 1869 is still considered fateful, when Dmitry Mendeleev established the dependence of the properties of elements on their atomic weight. At the same time, on the other side of the world, entrepreneur Heinz and his friend decide sell grated horseradish according to your mother's recipe. The world famous ketchup under this brand was released only 7 years later.

Marilyn Monroe / Queen Elizabeth

The sex symbol of the 50s and the reigning Queen of Great Britain are the same age. However, these are not all the celebrities that 1926 presented. The same year, the founder of Playboy magazine, Hugh Hefner, and the leader of the Cuban Revolution, Fidel Castro, were born.

Abolition of serfdom in the Russian Empire / The first color photograph in Great Britain

In 1861, a significant event took place in the Russian Empire - the peasant reform, which abolished serfdom in the largest state in Eastern Europe. In the same year, in Western Europe, that is, in England, the British physicist James Clerk Maxwell received the first reliable color photo of the Tartan Ribbon.

2-4 million years - the beginning of the separation of humans from the animal world (the use of sticks and stones by Australopithecines).

X-III millennium BC – Neolithic revolution.

III millennium BC – 476 AD – the era of the most ancient civilizations (states).

776 BC – the first Olympic Games in Ancient Greece.

773 BC - According to legend, Rome was founded by the brothers Romulus and Remus.

594 BC – reforms of the Athenian archon Solon, the first known reforms in human history.

336-323 BC. – the reign and military campaigns of Alexander the Great.

395-1453 – Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium

476 – fall of the Roman Empire, transition from ancient history to the history of the Middle Ages.

800 – Coronation of Charlemagne in Rome.

862 – the beginning of ancient Russian statehood, the Rurik dynasty (862-1598).

988 – adoption of Christianity by Ancient Russia under Vladimir I (980-1015).

1054 – split of Christianity into Catholicism and Orthodoxy.

1147 – foundation of Moscow.

1206-1242 – Mongol military expansion under the leadership of Genghis Khan and his successors.

1243-1480 - Mongol-Tatar yoke over Russian lands.

1480 – “standing on the Ugra”, the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke.

1517 – the beginning of the Reformation after the theses of Martin Luther.

1547 - coronation of Ivan IV Vasilyevich into the kingdom, the beginning of reforms in the Moscow state.

1605-1613 – Time of Troubles in Russia (1613-1917 – reign of the Romanov dynasty).

1649 – legal registration of serfdom in Russia by the Council Code.

1640-1688 - English bourgeois revolution.

1682-1725 – reign of Peter the Great (emperor since 1721).

1703 – foundation of the city of St. Petersburg.

1776 – declaration of independence of the United States of America.

1789-1799 – French bourgeois revolution.

1812, September 7 - Battle of Borodino, the decisive battle of the Patriotic War of 1812 against Napoleon.

1861-1865 - American Civil War.

1871 – completion of the unification of Germany.

1929-1933 – global economic crisis.

1933 – A. Hitler’s rise to power, the “new course” of F.D. Roosevelt.

1992-1998 – radical socio-economic reforms in Russia.

1993 – creation of the European Union.

2008-2011 – global economic crisis.

Literature for the entire textbook.

* Vasiliev L.S. General History: (textbook: 6 volumes). - M.: Higher School, 2007.

* History of international relations: main stages from antiquity to the present day: textbook. - M.: Logos, 2007.

* History of Russia: from ancient times to the beginning of the 21st century (textbook). Under. ed. member-corr. RAS A.N. Sakharov.- M.: AST: Astrel; Vladimir: VKT, 2009.

* History of mankind: (in 8 volumes). - Ed. Z.Ya. De Laata.- Paris, UNESCO; M.: MAGISTR-PRESS, 2003.

* Krasnyak O.A. World History: (a unified idea of ​​the patterns of historical development of the countries of the West and East from ancient times to the present day). - M.: URSS: Publishing House LKI, 2008.

* Domestic history: Textbook for technical universities / Ed. V.V. Fortunatova. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005.

* Platova E.E., Ovodenko A.A. History of foreign economic relations in questions and answers. – St. Petersburg, 2005.

* Sadokhin A.P. History of world culture: textbook for universities. - M.: Unity, 2010.

* Wells G.D. General history of world civilization. - 2nd ed. - M.: Eksmo, 2007.

* Fortunatov V.V. Domestic history: Textbook for humanitarian universities. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2007.

* Fortunatov V.V. Codes of national history. A manual for tested graduates (USE), applicants and university students. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009.

* Fortunatov V.V. Russian history in faces. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009.

* Fortunatov V.V. Russian history in aphorisms. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2010.

* Fortunatov V.V. History of world civilizations. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2011.

* Yakovlev I.A. History of mankind: the history of relations between man and nature as a civilizational process. - St. Petersburg: Aletheya, 2006.

Dvornichenko A. Yu. Russian history from ancient times to the fall of autocracy. Textbook.- M.: Publishing house “Ves Mir”, 2010- P.172.

Both victories of Alexander Nevsky are included in the list of Days of Military Glory of Russia, which is officially approved by the Russian government.

It seems remarkable that during the RTR television project “Name of Russia” in 2008, Alexander Nevsky took first place among Russian television viewers.

Some authors believe that taking the Bastille was not difficult and the prison governor was executed for no reason. But other French people and others believe that the revolution began with a beautiful and symbolic action.

Konotopov M.V., Smetanin S.I. History of the Russian economy. M.: Paleotype: Logos, 2004. pp. 51-52.

Mironov B.N. Social history of Russia during the imperial period (XVIII-early XX centuries): Genesis of the individual, democratic family, civil society and the rule of law. SPb.: Dm. Bulanin, 1999. T. 1, 2. 548+ 566 p. 3rd ed. SPb.: Dm. Bulanin, 2003.

Dvornichenko A.Yu. Russian history from ancient times to the fall of the autocracy. - M.: Ves Mir, 2010. - P.447.

See: State Security of Russia: History and Modernity / Ed. ed. R. N. Baiguzina.- M.: “Russian Political Encyclopedia” (ROSSPEN), 2004.- P.507-514.

65 years of the Great Victory. In six volumes / Under the general editorship. S.E. Naryshkina, A.V. Torkunova-M.: "MGIMO-University", 2010.

See: Soviet foreign policy during the Cold War (1945-1985). New reading. M., 1995.- P. 210.

The secrecy has been removed. Losses of the Armed Forces of the USSR in wars, hostilities and military conflicts. Statistical research. M.: Military Publishing House, 1993. pp. 407–409.

The history of Russia is rich in examples of courage, bravery and intelligence. Important historical events in Russia:
1550 – Ivan the Terrible laid the foundations of a regular Russian army. The main document was the verdict indicating the removal from Moscow and neighboring districts of thousands of people suitable for service.
1552 Ivan the Terrible and his army took Kazan. The Kazan Khanate turned out to be part of Russia. At the end of the 15th century, the Kazan rulers pursued an aggressive policy towards Russia: the Volga trade route was closed to Russian merchants, there were periodic raids on Russian lands, settlements were ruined, and Russian people were captured.
The year 1700 brought with it the Julian calendar to Russia. The ancient Roman Julian calendar is the basis of modern calendars. It was introduced by Yuri Caesar on January 1, 45 BC. Previously in Rus' it was customary to start the New Year on March 1st. On this date in 998, the Baptism of Rus' took place.
1720 - Demidov was elevated to a noble clan, which became the ancestor of the famous Demidovs. On October 2, for the excellent development of the mining business, the tsar elevated Nikita Demidovich Antufiev to hereditary nobleman, and changed his surname to Demida.
1768 - Catherine II pronounced and approved the verdict on Saltychikha. Daria Nikolaevna Saltykova belonged to the elite of 18th century society. She received her nickname for the mockery and numerous murders of serfs.
In 1782, the Order of the fourth degree of Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir was established. Catherine II, on the day of the 20th anniversary of her reign and the 800th anniversary of the baptism of Rus', began the fight against inequality in civil bureaucracy and military officials in receiving awards.
1803 The first hot air balloon flight took place in Russia. This happened on October 2 in Moscow. The pilot of the new aircraft turned out to be Andre Jacques Garnerin, who served as an inspector of the revolutionary army in France. Five years earlier, he made the first parachute jump.
1826 On August 25, the new Egyptian Bridge on the Fontanka opened in St. Petersburg. The chief engineers of the then grandiose project were V. von Tretter and V.A. Khristianovich. The bridge connected Kolomensky and Bezymyanny Islands.
1830 The Kul-Oba mound was discovered near Kerch. This is one of the most important discoveries in Russian archeology at the beginning of the 19th century. The Scythian burial was subsidized in the 4th century BC.
The year 1905 was marked by the founding of the Literary Museum of Russian Literature. It is also called “Pushkin House”. Today it is one of the old unique literary museums, which houses many artistic and documentary materials from the history of Russian literature.
1907 Trams began operating in St. Petersburg. At the end of the 19th century, engineers from all over the world worked on the efficient use of electricity in urban transport networks. The Russians were not far behind.
1909 “Caucasian Riviera” officially opened. This is the ancestor of all modern Sochi sanatoriums and holiday homes. This establishment has still not lost its attractiveness and has retained its original name.
1910 Mass production of serial production of gramophone records was established. A new factory was built in the village of Aprelevka, and later converted into a plant.
1918 approved by the RVSR. The All-Russian Central Executive Committee, headed by Trotsky, approved the highest body of military power - the Revolutionary Military Council. Until 1934, he led the army, navy, front and armed forces of the USSR.
1941, during the Great Patriotic War, the Battle of Moscow took place. She was the main target of the German fascists. Hitler approved the special Typhoon plan, which consisted of the complete destruction of the capital of the USSR.
In 1947, after the end of the war, the restoration of the Leningrad metro began. The construction of a railway underground was vigorously discussed at the end of the last century. Newspapers were included in the debate, leading Russian engineers discussed the possible difficulties and prospects of this project.
1975 On September 4, the program “What? Where? When?". It was a family television club. From the first releases it gained great popularity.
1987 ended the trial of the pilot Matthias Rust, who violated the air borders of the Soviet Union on an American plane and landed a sports plane on Red Square.
1993, as a result of a conflict between Parliament and the President, an armed clash occurred in Moscow. The executive and legislative branches could not agree on transition tactics and the development of the constitutional process.
2005 Denikin and Ilyin were reburied; the general and philosopher left their homeland after the October Revolution. The first remains reburied were those of the writer Ivan Shmelev at the Donskoye Cemetery.
2007 – The Pashkov House was transferred to the Russian State Library. It is one of the main cultural and historical monuments in Moscow. The building symbolizes the intellectual life of the Russian Federation.
2014 XXII Olympic Winter Games were organized in Sochi. The city became the Olympic capital.

Over the course of its history, the world has experienced many different events that changed it and influenced the course of history. If they had not happened, our modern world would be completely different now. But history decreed otherwise.

Events that influenced the course of world history

Many researchers consider such events to be turning points in world history. Let's take a closer look at the ten most important of them.

1. Invention of the wheel. Surprisingly, it was its appearance that became the starting point for the rapid development of cities, agriculture and population growth. Appearing back in the third millennium BC, it made it possible to more efficiently transport crops to cities, hunger ceased to threaten humanity, and the population began to increase. Thanks to the circular motion, namely flywheels and blocks, it became possible to lift heavy stones, and construction began to develop at a rapid pace.

2. Plague epidemic. In less than seven months, the population of Western Europe has almost halved, causing irreparable damage to the socio-economic structure of the countries. The feudal system suffered a blow from which it could not recover. At the same time, people's views on such concepts as illness, death, as well as faith in God have changed greatly.

3. Discovery of America made Christopher Columbus one of the key figures in history. Thanks to him, people learned that there were other unknown lands, although before that everyone relied on the geographical ideas of the ancient Greeks. Columbus made the greatest discovery, which completely changed people's understanding of the world, not thanks to the latest technologies at that time, but only with the help of a compass, which was invented three centuries earlier.

4. Scientific revolution. The 16th-17th centuries were marked by the rampant Inquisition. Thousands of innocents were burned at the stake for “association with the devil and witchcraft.” And only in the 17th century was it possible to partially dispel superstitions, because scientists appeared who, with great difficulty, and sometimes at the cost of their own lives, gave the world new knowledge.

5. The advent of electricity. Electricity was precisely the fruit of scientific research, although it was known about in Ancient Greece. But by historical standards, it was invented and reinterpreted not so long ago, only 200 years ago and, as usual, faced active rejection by the church, but now we cannot imagine our life without it.

6. Vaccine. This invention saved millions of human lives and continues to do so to this day. Now it is difficult to imagine our world if it were not for the invention of Louis Pasteur. Thanks to him, we only know about terrible diseases from history.

7. World War I. 19-year-old Serbian high school student Gavrila Princip did not even suspect that his single shot in Sarajevo would lead to a complete reorganization of the world - four empires disappeared from the map of Europe at once, dozens of new states appeared in their place, tens of millions of dead were left on the battlefields, no less was There were at least 50 million wounded and civilian casualties. There was a catastrophic decline in living standards everywhere. During these years, European fascism was born, which would later become another bloody page in world history.

8. The Second World War. Many states were involved in it - again, millions were killed, cities were destroyed, wiped off the face of the Earth, terrible crimes against humanity, which the world had never known before. Terrible weapons of mass destruction have been invented.

9. Atomic bomb. Its invention and testing showed humanity that it could disappear from the face of the Earth in a matter of minutes. The world trembled and thought about tomorrow. Since then, humanity has repeatedly found itself on the verge of nuclear war, but so far wisdom has prevailed.

10. Space exploration- a real breakthrough in the history of mankind. Research is still ongoing, we already know a lot of new things, and many unexpected discoveries are still ahead.

These, in our opinion, are important events in world history, thanks to which we now enjoy the benefits of civilization, do not die from terrible diseases, but still rarely think about the fragility of the world.