The hormonal background of a person is what largely determines his whole life. It shapes appearance: height, weight, skeletal structure, skin, and even hair color. The hormonal background, being the result of the interaction of many factors, is subject to frequent fluctuations. The hormonal system and the hormonal background of a person are quite closely connected with the activity of his nervous system. In order for a woman's hormonal background to be healthy, she must have at least a little fat reserves. In 95% of patients diagnosed with obesity, excess weight is to blame for hormonal disorders. How to restore hormonal levels after childbirth. During pregnancy, the hormonal background of a woman changes, it is absolutely natural. Hormonal failure symptoms in women, external manifestations by which it is easy to understand that there is an excess or lack of hormones in the body.

How to normalize hormonal background in a month

Hormones are responsible for everything that happens in our lives - the position of physiologists. -What about the mind? - the thinker objects. - The lack of the smallest hormone, and there was a man - a plant became. (Anna Duvarova)

Translated from the Greek word "hormone" means "setting in motion." Indeed, an excess or lack of hormones leads to malfunctions in our health. Hormones, of which there are more than a hundred varieties, are produced by the organs of internal secretion, i.e. endocrine organs. Hormones are specific substances that are produced in the body and regulate its development and functioning. Some of the hormones, such as thyroid hormones, have a general effect on all organs, others, like aldosterone, on one or two organs. However, insufficient production of one of the hormones leads to a disease of the body as a whole. Symptoms of hormonal failure in young girls 14–16 years old may be the absence of menstruation or its irregularity

How can we help ourselves through nutrition to try to regulate the release of the endocrine system of various hormones without resorting to hormone replacement therapy? First, let's get acquainted with the symptoms of insufficient production of a particular hormone.

Violations hormonal background and their reasons. Do you have a swollen face in the morning? Take a good look at yourself in the mirror in the morning. Swollen and puffy cheeks? If so, then you probably have an underactive thyroid gland. Do you have a swollen, "moon-shaped" face in the morning? Your adrenal glands may be producing more cortisol than your body needs. Excess cortisol appears in people who have undergone intense and prolonged stress. If this case is stress, then thanks to an excess of cortisol, you have enough energy to withstand mental stress. But excess cortisol suppresses thyroid function and causes a deficiency of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones provide us not only with the appearance in the morning, but also with a good mood after sleep and during rest. Who among us does not have a relative or acquaintance who gets up every morning “on the wrong foot” and shows irritability at the beginning of the day? This person has morning depression. Or a busy person is very tired after work, if there is simply no time to sit down at work.

Thyroid- the most sensitive of all other glands to the seasons of the year. In winter, the level of thyroid hormones drops, and therefore we store 1-3 extra pounds. Sometimes the function of the gland can be reduced in the summer. What products should be used to activate the thyroid gland and increase the production of hormones. First of all, all seafood and sea kale, because. they have the highest content of organic iodine. From plant products, persimmons, feijoa, dates, chokeberries and currants, prunes, apples, cherries, cucumbers, potatoes, beets, carrots, cabbage, eggplant, garlic, radish, lettuce, spinach, tomatoes, onions can be distinguished. But remember that excessive consumption of meat, especially fatty varieties, leads to a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones. Foods that stimulate the growth of the thyroid gland when consumed in large quantities include cabbage (especially cauliflower), root vegetables (especially radishes, radishes, turnips), as well as spinach, peaches, Jerusalem artichoke. In many cases, with a small excess intake of iodine from food, the main role in the development of goiter is played by the deficiency of other trace elements, such as cobalt, manganese, and selenium. The effect of treatment can be obtained only by correcting their intake into the body.

A growth hormone(somatotropic hormone, somatotropin) - one of the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland. The functions that growth hormone carries in the human body are quite extensive. Lack of growth hormone in childhood is associated mainly with genetic defects and causes growth retardation, pituitary dwarfism (dwarfism), and sometimes also puberty. Growth hormone determines human growth, strengthens the body, straightens the back, develops the nose, jaw, chin, shoulder and pelvic muscles, helps to preserve youth, reduces the layer of fat, strengthens the hips, reduces the stomach, gives energy during the day, helps to restore strength, especially after night vigil, effectively reduces anxiety. How to adjust the hormonal background with the help of food? Is there a cure for hormonal imbalances? To increase the production of growth hormone Eat enough high-protein foods (meat, poultry, fish). Limit your coffee intake. Women who consume a lot of coffee have a low content of growth hormone - somatomedin in the blood. Give yourself moderate physical activity - with each exercise, growth hormone is pushed into the blood. Quit smoking- Smoking addiction can lead to premature aging.

Melatonin - scientific name for the sleep hormone. This hormone was discovered in the USA by A. B. Lerner in 1958. This hormone affects the desire to sleep. Hormone production begins to rise at dusk, reaches a maximum from 0 to 4.00 in the morning and falls with dawn. We fall asleep, and melatonin gets to work. It is mainly secreted by the pineal gland, a small gland located deep in the brain. Other organs, such as the intestines and the retina, also have the ability to produce melatonin. If you find it difficult to fall asleep and wake up unrested in the morning, you may be missing one single hormone. Melatonin beneficially reduces tension, relaxes muscles, reduces adrenaline and thins the blood, causes yawning and a desire to go to bed at night, awakens in the morning by activating thyroid hormones. How to increase melatonin levels naturally? The room you sleep in should not be too hot or too cold. The room should be light in the morning, and completely dark at night. On vacation, try to be in the sun in the morning. Eat more melatonin-rich foods: rice, corn, oats. From fruits - bananas. Prefer cold-pressed vegetable oils containing a high percentage of Omega-6, do not consume too much Omega-3 containing fatty acids (in fish). Take calcium and magnesium before bed, amino acid supplements such as tryptophan and carnitine, and vitamin B3. Reduce your intake of coffee, alcoholic beverages, and certain medications, such as b-blockers, benzodiazepines at night, neuroleptics during the day, clonidine, and lithium.

Estradiol, the hormone of femininity and beauty. Most estradiol is produced by the ovaries, a smaller part is produced by adipose tissue from other hormones secreted by the adrenal glands. Estradiol promotes breast development, creates roundness of female forms, smoothes wrinkles, gets rid of unwanted hair, moisturizes the eyes and makes them shiny and radiant, promotes joy, cheerfulness, good mood, provides physical endurance, promotes the desire for love and intimacy. With a lack of estradiol - the eyes are dull, the chest is small or has lost elasticity, there is excessive male-type hair growth. Hormonal failure is manifested by symptoms characteristic of relative hyperestrogenemia: the mammary glands increase. Complaints are usually fatigue during the day, a tendency to depression, despondency, lack of sexual desire, scanty menstruation or their delay. What to advise? Eat enough food: the number of calories consumed should correspond to the energy expended. The food should contain a sufficient amount of animal protein (meat, poultry, fish, eggs). Do not consume whole grains (bread and wholemeal pasta): their fiber takes estrogen out of the body, excretes it with excrement. Avoid prolonged stressful situations, smoke less and drink less coffee. Avoid birth control pills that are low in chemical estrogen. The female body reacts differently to hormonal failure, and sometimes, it would seem that the usual symptoms can be the result of just a hormonal failure.

Testosterone- the main male sex hormone, androgen. This is the same hormone that makes a man a man. Provides a constant flow of energy, gives endurance from morning to evening, increases physical strength and vitality, develops the muscles of the body, strengthens the figure, reduces fat, creates a good mood and awakens sexual desire. The basis of the hormone is amino acids and polyunsaturated fats, while such an important microelement as zinc takes part in its production. Therefore, its production will be affected by the abundance or deficiency of these substances in the diet. The immediate precursors of testosterone and testosterone itself are found in large quantities in bee products - royal jelly and bee pollen. When eaten, they have a pronounced anabolic effect. In addition, honey contains boron, which increases testosterone production and reduces the level of the female hormone estrogen. By the way, estrogen is also present in the body of a man, but in much smaller quantities. With obesity, its level can increase, and the level of testosterone, on the contrary, decrease. Thus, products that increase testosterone synthesis and reduce estrogen content have the right effect on the male body.

But about what cholesterol is needed for the synthesis of sex hormones, few people know. Indeed, the basis of the hormone is cholesterol, but this does not mean that we should eat black caviar, cod liver and chicken yolks with spoons. Cholesterol for hormones is synthesized by the body in the liver from polyunsaturated fatty acids that come from food. If, of course, they did. If there is a shortage of them in the diet, then, alas, food rich in cholesterol, but poor in unsaturated fats will lead to the development of atherosclerosis, and will not make a superman out of a man.

For the opposite effect, eat oily marine fish with minimal heat treatment, take supplements of omega-3-6-9 fatty acids. Buy a variety of cold-pressed vegetable oils and use them at the same time. The best for this purpose will be: olive, linseed, sesame, walnut. A good source of unsaturated fat are seeds and nuts: flaxseed, sesame, pine nuts are a great addition to green leafy salads, walnuts can be a snack and satisfy hunger. Nuts and seeds also contain vitamin E, which is essential for maintaining hormonal balance.

Separately, I would like to say about oatmeal, which in Russia since ancient times was considered male porridge. The tradition of eating oatmeal for breakfast 3-4 times a week will bring you closer to the English aristocracy and give you strength, courage and masculinity.

Zinc is important for increasing the production of male sex hormones. Most of it is in oysters and other seafood. They are considered classic aphrodisiacs. Minerals from seafood are better absorbed by our body, as they are contained there in the form of salts. Traditionally, veal, beef and poultry are recommended for raising testosterone levels, as foods containing the necessary amino acids for its synthesis.

Traditionally red meat, dark poultry meat is recommended for increasing testosterone production due to the sufficient content of amino acids necessary for its synthesis. Meat is also rich in zinc and B vitamins, which are essential for male hormonal balance. Zinc, in addition to increasing the synthesis of testosterone, reduces the production of another hormone, prolactin, which often leads to sexual dysfunction, and in women, to diseases of the mammary glands. Zinc is rich in brown rice, grain bread, green vegetables.

Progesterone also called the hormone of pregnancy, the hormone of the corpus luteum of the ovaries. This is a serene hormone that makes a woman more calm, carefree and a little lazy during pregnancy, when it is produced in large quantities. Creates a feeling of peace, improves sleep. In what products. If the production of progesterone is naturally reduced, then the intake of animal proteins (meat, poultry, fish) and fats, including cholesterol (eggs, fish, fatty meat) should be increased. Try to avoid stressful situations, sleep more, take walks in the evenings. Add foods containing vitamins P and C (ascorutin) to your diet - citrus fruits, rose hips, black currants, etc. Watch your fluid intake. A sufficient amount of progesterone in the blood is a good prevention of maintaining bone tissue until old age. Calcium is not washed out of the bones.

Serotonin is the happy hormone. When it is produced in sufficient quantities, we experience a feeling of satisfaction, joy, happiness, because by its chemical nature it belongs to the opiate group. And, on the contrary, with its deficiency, we fall into melancholy, feel lethargic and weak, and lack any interest in life.

Increase the production of serotonin:

Chocolate. It contains methylxanthines, which stimulate the transmission of nerve impulses and make us more alert, and also cause the release of endorphins, which create a feeling of satisfaction and improve mood.
You only need to remember that dark chocolate with a cocoa content of at least 70% is suitable for these purposes. 15-20 g of such chocolate daily will not give an increase in kilograms, but they will provide a charge of vivacity and good mood.

In addition, the level of endophrins increases foods rich in animal protein, such as turkey, chicken, beef, eggs and cheese. They contain two amino acids - tryptophan and L-phenylalanine, which cause the brain to produce endorphins. Lentils, beans, mushrooms and oyster mushrooms also contain a large amount of tryptophan.

From vegetables tomatoes are shown to increase serotonin. In some cultures they are called "love apples". Due to the content in a sufficiently large amount of tryptamine, whose action resembles the action of serotonin, we relax, lose "brakes".
In fruits serotonin is found in bananas, dates, figs, plums.

Reduce the production of the hormone serotonin:

Alcohol, caffeine and trendy energy drinks containing guarana and other caffeine-like substances that seem to improve mood, but in fact are factors that reduce the production of serotonin. Mood and energy increase temporarily, but in fact they all have a depressing effect on the central nervous system and lead to its exhaustion. Each time it takes more and more to be cheerful with them, and the person becomes addicted.

Foods high in sugar, yeast, leading to fermentation in the intestines disrupt the balance of microorganisms synthesizing derivatives for this hormone. Therefore, in many cases, low mood can be the result of dysbacteriosis.

Well, besides this, you need to remember that overeating both protein and carbohydrate foods inhibits the production of the hormone.

And also important hormones - vasopressin or memory hormone, pregnenolone or memory hormone, insulin or sugar hormone, DHEA or quality of life improvement hormone, etc. And, as you understand, all hormones are extremely important for each of us and their correct quantitative ratio is extremely important.

The choice of proper nutrition, sufficient physical activity, the fight against stress will certainly improve well-being, restore hormonal levels and thus create some protection against old age. And be sure that after 3 weeks from the start of work on yourself, you will see significant changes in health and mood that will delight you.

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All vital processes of the human body are interconnected with physiological changes in the level of hormones in the blood, which control its cycles of development and growth, reproduction and decay. For hormonal secretion in the body, the system of functional regulation of internal organs is responsible - the granular apparatus, represented by various endocrine glands of internal secretion.

They have a significant impact on the work of the central nervous system and exercise control and functional regulation of each vital organ. Hormonal failure is a process of hormonal dysfunction caused by pathologies in the neuroregulatory and endocrine systems.

The activity of the intrasecretory glands and the hormones they synthesize are in a state of harmonious equilibrium and balance in a healthy body. But such a state is very fragile.

Violation of the synthesis of just one type of hormones leads to a violation of the coordination in the work of all endocrine glands - an imbalance of hormones, manifested by various pathological changes in the body.

Signs and symptoms of a failure in the hormonal background are observed in women of different ages, various disorders lead to an imbalance of hormones:

• an increase in the synthesis of hormones, or its decrease;
• changes in the chemical structure of hormones, leading to impaired synthesis;
• violations in the system of transport of hormonal organic substances;
• simultaneous failure of synthesis in various glands of the endocrine system.

Causes of hormonal imbalance in women

The factor of insufficient hormonal synthesis, which caused hormonal failure in women, can be various pathological processes in the form of:

1. Infectious and inflammatory processes in the endocrine glands;
2. Anatomical congenital anomalies due to their underdevelopment;
3. Surgical interventions, with injuries, or tumor processes in the secretory glands;
4. Hemorrhagic manifestations in their tissue structure;
5. Lack or violation of blood supply;
6. Deficiency in the diet of vitamin and mineral elements;
7. Immune failure.

Excess secretion of hormones is provoked by:

• uncontrolled use of drugs containing hormones;
• various injuries (mainly the abdomen and head);
• inflammatory pathologies.

Disrupt the balanced operation of the system of the granular apparatus can:

• stressful and hypodynamic conditions;
• chronic lack of sleep;
• addiction to bad habits;
• too early sexual life, or its complete absence.

In addition, there are reasons for changes in the hormonal background in women, due to physiological reasons. This is facilitated by the reorganization of the background during pregnancy.

In this period, the synthesis of new hormones begins to ensure normal gestation. At the beginning of pregnancy, the synthesis of female hormones increases, and at the beginning of the 2nd trimester it decreases, since the synthesis of estriol by the placenta begins.

Hormonal changes occur again after delivery. Pregnancy hormones stop being synthesized and they are replaced by the synthesis of the prolactin fraction, which stimulates the intensity of milk production. When a woman stops breastfeeding, there is a decrease and the body returns to the normal volume of synthesis of the main female hormones (progesterone and estrogen).

A sharp imbalance of hormones is also caused by medical abortions. Endocrine glands stop the synthesis of a number of hormones. In response to such stress, the body responds with increased secretion of adrenal and female sex hormones. During this period, the female body is very vulnerable.

Concomitant pathologies and adverse factors against the background of hormonal imbalance can provoke pathological disorders in the structure of the ovaries - their tissue growth (tecomatosis), tumor formations, or the development of processes.

signs of hormonal failure, photo

There are almost no specific, special symptoms of a malfunction in the balance of hormones in a woman's body, so the diagnosis of endocrine diseases is not an easy process - the signs of a hormonal failure are similar to the symptoms of many other diseases. Although there are several signs that suggest a hormonal failure still exists. They appear:

Increased appetite, but weight loss progresses. This indicates increased secretion processes in the thyroid gland. Pathology appears:

• irritability and nervousness;
• insomnia and hyperhidrosis;
• tremor of the fingers on the hands;
• cardiac arrhythmia;
• low, prolonged body temperature.

The lack of functional activity of the thyroid glands is characterized by signs:

• the development of simultaneous obesity throughout the body;
• weakness (asthenia) and a tendency to drowsiness;
• dry skin and mucous membranes, including the vagina;
• brittle hair and their thinning;
• chilliness and low temperature;
• hoarseness of voice.

In women of 30 years of age, hormonal failure often results from dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary system. What provokes the development of a selective process of obesity, when, with thin legs, the upper body is rapidly overgrown with fat. Wavy crimson stripes appear over the stretching of the skin of the thighs, abdomen and mammary glands.

The presence of such "metamorphoses" causes sharp jumps in blood pressure in women. As a result of excessive synthesis of somatotropin (growth hormone), the appearance changes - the jaw and tongue increase, the shape of the lips, cheekbones and superciliary arches changes.

The voice becomes hoarse, there is increased hair growth and joint pain. In the presence of tumor neoplasms in the pituitary gland, the symptoms of hormonal imbalance are marked by a deterioration in visual functions, accompanied by persistent migraines.

Failure of the endocrine gland of the digestive system (pancreas) leads to the development of diabetes, accompanied by pruritus, slowly healing wounds, furunculosis, constant thirst and polyuria (frequent urination).

Increased synthesis of androgens (testosterone) provokes hormonal failure in women with symptoms of a delayed menstrual cycle, heavy menstrual flow, intermenstrual hemorrhages, and disturbances in the duration of menstruation. At the same time, changes in appearance are manifested:

• excessive hair growth on the body and face of women;
• rough, greasy skin;
• regular rashes and the development of acne.

Signs of age-related hormonal failure in women are manifested by a mass of unpleasant symptoms during menopause. This is due to a sudden cessation of the hormonal synthesis of female hormones and an increase in hormones synthesized by the glands of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, thyroid and adrenal glands. The manifestation of symptoms depends on the genesis of various disorders.

With the vegetative-vascular nature of the disorders, the symptoms are expressed:

• hypertension and heart pain;
• bouts of tachycardia;
• hand tremor and hyperhidrosis;
• hot flushes to the head.

For emotional disorders:

• excessive nervousness, bouts of anger and anger;
• depressed mood and tearfulness;
• anxiety and depression.

insomnia is one of the signs of hormonal imbalance

Neurological signs:

• decreased attention and impaired mental productivity;
• drowsiness during the day and insomnia at night;
• frequent manifestation of migraines and signs of vertigo.

Functional disorders in metabolic processes, manifested by:

• osteoporosis - increased bone fragility;
• symptoms of hirsutism (hair in the form of a mustache and beard);
• slowing down hair growth in the armpit and groin area.

If symptoms and signs of hormonal failure occur in women, treatment depends on which hormone deficiency is found in the body - one or a group. The treatment protocol is due to two directions - the regulation of imbalance with oral contraceptives, or individual drugs.

In the first treatment option for hormonal dysfunctions, oral contraceptive preparations are used with a different number of hormonal combinations - low-dose and micro-dose forms. Sometimes, if long-term treatment is necessary, a mixed course of drugs is prescribed, but a short-term course of high-dose contraceptives is also possible.

• Among nazkodozirovannyh drugs preference is given to "Femoden", "Gestodene", "Marvelon", "Desogestrel", "Regulon", "Cyproterone", "Zhanin", "Yarina", "Drospirinone".
• In therapy with microdosed drugs, Mercilon, Desogestrel, Novinet, Loest and Gestodene are used.

Treatment of hormonal levels in women with hormone preparations begins with an individual selection of medicines. Which causes a certain difficulty, since the treatment course consists of several drugs and it is important to choose them in such a way as not to cause a violation of the secretion of those hormones that are present in the norm.

• With excess secretion of androgen, drugs "Dexamethasone", "Cyproterone" or "Metipred" are prescribed.
• To normalize the level of progesterone in the blood, "Urozhestan" and "Dufaston" are prescribed.
• Estrogen deficiency is corrected with the help of Premarin, Divigel or Proginova, and if it is in excess, Clomiphene or Tamoxifen is prescribed.

These are just minor examples of the treatment of this problem, a specific therapeutic regimen should be drawn up by a specialist doctor.

The prognosis of treatment depends on the timeliness of hormone therapy, which can prevent a lot of unpleasant pathologies: the development of malignant neoplasms leading to stroke and heart attack, eliminate a real threat

The level of hormones and their balanced interaction have a huge impact on the state of the female body. Hormonal failure is a pathology characterized by insufficient production of sex hormones.

In women, such a failure causes various diseases of the reproductive system and, in combination with impaired immunity, inflammation and sexual infections, causes a number of serious pathologies: menstrual irregularities, uterine fibroids, hyperplasia, polyps and polycystosis.

It is very important to regularly conduct gynecological examinations, because a number of diseases of the reproductive system are asymptomatic, without pain, bleeding and other clinical manifestations.

In this article, we will take a closer look at hormonal failure in women, find out its first signs, and the main symptoms that you should pay attention to. We will not leave unnoticed and topical methods of treating such a problem in women.

The reasons

There are many factors that contribute to hormonal imbalance in women. First of all, this is due to the dependence of the hormonal status on the work of the neuroendocrine regulation of the central nervous system, which is located in the brain, and on the correct functioning of the endocrine glands, they are localized on the periphery.

In this regard, the causes contributing to hormonal disorders can be divided into two large groups:

1. The reasons, caused by disturbances in the functioning of the central regulation.
2. The reasons, caused by pathological processes occurring in the peripheral glands. Failures in their work can be caused by tumors, infections, inflammatory processes, etc.

So, let's highlight the main causes of hormonal imbalance in women:

1. genetic predisposition. Congenital defects of the hormonal system is a rather complex condition that is difficult to correct. As a rule, the main cause for concern in this case is primary amenorrhea (the complete absence of menstruation in girls after 16 years).
2. Disruptions in the endocrine system(problems with the proper functioning of the pancreas, thyroid and adrenal glands).
3. At use of oral contraceptives, they contain hormones, so a violation begins, which first manifests itself in excess weight.
4. because of colds, SARS, acute respiratory infections, hormone levels can often be disturbed. It has been proven that those girls who often suffered from various infectious diseases have problems with hormonal levels in adulthood.
5. Malnutrition when a girl tortures herself with debilitating diets, when food intake is reduced, the body lacks the necessary elements with which certain hormones are produced.
6. Diseases of a different nature, among which there are bronchial asthma, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, cysts in the chest and frequent pain in the head (migraine).
7. Surgical operations concerning the internal genital organs in women.
8. Severe nervous breakdown, stress (including chronic), depression- all of the above often negatively affects the hormonal background of a woman.
9. Overweight. The more extra pounds a woman has, the higher the likelihood that she will experience a hormonal failure.

Such natural states of a woman as adolescence, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and menopause can affect the imbalance of hormonal levels, but most often the body itself restores the necessary ratio of hormones.

Symptoms of a hormonal imbalance in a woman

The clinical picture of hormonal failure in women is directly related to age and physiological state.

In particular, if the formation of secondary sexual characteristics slows down in adolescents, then in women of childbearing age, the main symptoms concentrate on the menstrual cycle and the ability to conceive.

In this regard, the symptoms of hormonal failure in women can be different, but the most striking signs indicating this pathology are:

1. Irregular menstruation. Frequent delays in menstruation or their absence for a certain period of time.
2. Mood swings and irritability. A woman often changes her mood, but mostly she has a bad mood. The manifestation of anger and aggression towards people around, pessimism, frequent depression - all this can be another manifestation of hormonal failure.
3. Weight gain. Excess weight, fat deposits rapidly appear, while nutrition does not affect. When a woman sits even on a strict diet, eats practically nothing, she still gets better due to a malfunction in hormones.
4. Decreased sex drive. It happens that with a hormonal failure, women notice a decrease in sexual desire and interest in sexual life.
5. Hair loss . A common symptom of hormonal failure in women is, which can be very intense.
6. Headache . Other manifestations may also be characteristic of hormonal failure, but they are already more of an individual character. So, for example, such symptoms can be: the appearance of wrinkles, fibrocystic formations in the chest, uterine fibroids, dryness in the vagina.
7. Insomnia, fatigue. Due to the fact that a woman's sleep is disturbed, she does not sleep at night, she is tormented by constant weakness, drowsiness. Even when a woman is well rested, she still feels overwhelmed.

Treatment of hormonal failure in a woman is prescribed based on the results of a study of the general hormonal background. Usually, to relieve the symptoms of hormonal imbalance, drugs are prescribed that contain those hormones that are not produced in the woman's body enough or not at all.

Specific and non-specific signs

All those signs that indicate the presence of a hormonal failure in a woman can be divided into two large groups: specific and nonspecific symptoms.

To the first group includes:

• problems with conceiving a child;
• an increase in the amount of hair on the body and the rate of their growth;
• menstrual irregularities;
• a sharp increase in body weight while maintaining the same lifestyle;
• uterine bleeding not associated with menstruation.

To non-specific signs can be attributed:

• weakness of a woman;
• fatigue even in the absence of objective reasons for this;
• frequent headaches;
• sleep disturbances (insomnia or, conversely, constant drowsiness);
• decrease in sexual desire;
• dryness of the vaginal mucosa.

As a rule, if such symptoms are detected, the doctor prescribes additional examinations that allow differential diagnosis.

Symptoms in girls

Symptoms of failure in teenage girls:

1. The mammary glands are poorly developed.
2. If the girl is already 16 years old, and she still has never had (there were, but very irregular) periods.
3. Excessive amount of hair on the body or their complete absence.
4. Excessive thinness, long and thin legs and arms. Weight that does not reach 48 kg.

In many cases, it will be necessary to establish the correct daily routine for the girl and everything goes by itself. But in severe cases, hormonal drugs can be prescribed, which are taken clearly according to the instructions.

Effects

Hormonal imbalance causes disturbances in the functioning of the whole organism, so if the cause is not recognized in time, there is a risk of complications, such as:

• infertility;
• obesity;
• osteoporosis;
• violation of sexual function;
• gynecological diseases of various origins;
• hormone-dependent benign or malignant tumors;
• with an increased risk of developing

It should be borne in mind that dysfunctions and many diseases caused by hormone failure are very difficult to treat. But if you know why hormonal failure occurs, and how you can deal with it, you can greatly facilitate such an unpleasant process.

Treatment of hormonal failure in a woman

Due to the fact that any violation of the hormonal background can lead to quite serious consequences, this condition requires mandatory correction. However, before starting treatment for hormonal failure, a woman should find out the cause that provoked the hormonal shift. To do this, you need to consult an endocrinologist, as well as take a blood test for hormonal status.

Depending on the cause that caused the hormonal failure, treatment can be based on:

• hormone therapy and / or treatment of genital infections;
• following a special diet (for example, selenium-zinc for adolescents or vegetarian during menopause);
• sometimes surgery is required.

However, with hormonal failure in women, in most cases, treatment is associated with replacement therapy, in which a number of artificial preparations are used, similar in structure to the secretion of the gonads, such as Mastodion, Klimadion, Cyclodion. In view of this, the appointment of complex therapy can be carried out only on the basis of laboratory diagnostics.

Also, much attention is paid to nutrition and exercise, compliance with the regime of rest and work. Women are often prescribed a diet that increases their intake of fruits and vegetables, herbal infusions and teas, and includes other alternative methods such as nutritional supplements and vitamin complexes. In some clinics, in order to restore the balance of female hormones, hirudotherapy is offered, that is, treatment with leeches.

Prevention

Everyone knows that it is much easier to prevent a disease than to treat it. Therefore, women who do not want to know what hormonal disorders are in women and not have problems with them should do the following as a preventive measure:

• regularly keep a calendar of the menstrual cycle;
• monitor the nature of menstrual flow.

And most importantly - to undergo a preventive examination by a gynecologist twice a year, even if there are no visible reasons for concern - unfortunately, "female" diseases tend not to make themselves felt for the time being.

In the female body, in addition to many others, two sex hormones are produced: progesterone and estrogen. When their amount in the blood is in balance, then women's health is in order.

But if the production of the female hormone progesterone decreases, the production of the male hormone, estrogen, increases accordingly. This fact has a destructive effect on all body functions. This can manifest itself not only in overweight and bad skin, but also in the development of serious diseases.

Hormonal failure can most often occur as a result of physiological processes in the female body:

• puberty;
• menopause;
• pregnancy;
• childbirth;
• abortion.

But there are other factors in the development of hormone imbalance.

Causes of hormonal failure

1. Diseases of the reproductive organs. If the ovaries do not produce enough progesterone, then this leads not only to infertility, but also to a violation of all functions.
2. Diets, irregular meals, nutritional deficiencies. If the female body does not receive enough vitamins and minerals, but this has a destructive effect on all functions. This can happen due to malnutrition and rigid diets. Instead of the desired weight loss, a woman may gain excess weight due to impaired metabolism.
3. Heredity. The imperfection of the hormonal system can be congenital. In this case, you need to contact a specialist and start serious treatment.
4. Excess weight. An excess of subcutaneous tissue provokes a metabolic disorder.
5. Frequent colds and chronic diseases. Infectious diseases transferred in childhood can be reflected in the life of an adult girl by a metabolic disorder. This item includes not only acute respiratory infections, but also serious sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia.
6. Heavy physical activity. If a woman is engaged in power sports or works hard physical labor, then all this negatively affects the hormonal background. If at the same time a woman is also malnourished, then her periods may stop and serious illnesses may develop.
7. Disorders in the endocrine system: diseases of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas.
8. Stress and nervous tension. With frequent stress, the work of the central nervous system is disrupted, which controls all functions, including hormonal ones.
9. Operations and complications after surgery.
10. Taking hormonal drugs. Long-term use of contraceptives can disrupt the natural production of hormones. Such drugs are found not only in birth control pills, but also in other medicines. You should carefully study the instructions and consult a doctor.
11. Wrong way of life. These include: irregular daily routine, lack of sleep (less than 8 hours), chronic fatigue, lack of fresh air, drinking alcohol and smoking.

How to recognize this serious illness in order to start treatment on time?

Symptoms of hormonal failure in women

Characteristic signs in women:

1. Violation of menstruation. These may be delays for a long period or a sharp change in the number of allocations.
2. Weight gain. If a woman does not radically change her diet, but at the same time begins to recover rapidly, then the alarm should be sounded.
3. Mood swings. Irritability, tearfulness, unreasonable aggression, anger, depression are signs of hormonal imbalance.
4. Decreased libido. If a girl loses interest in sexual life, this is a serious reason to think about her hormonal background.
5. Headaches, migraine.
6. Chronic fatigue: fatigue, and sleep disturbance.
7. Hair loss, brittle nails and problematic skin. Intensive hair loss can be not only due to stress and poor nutrition, but also due to hormonal imbalance. Acne, oily skin are typical, as a rule, for teenagers. During this period, the formation of the hormonal system occurs, which is manifested in small imperfections on the face.
8. Other individual symptoms: early aging, breast tumors, diseases of the genital organs. If a woman has found at least 2-3 of the symptoms listed above, then she should contact a gynecologist and endocrinologist for a detailed examination of her health.

Critical periods of the female body

As already noted, the imbalance of hormones can most often happen at certain periods. To prevent this phenomenon and minimize its manifestation, it is necessary to consider in more detail each period in a woman's life.

Hormonal failure in adolescent girls

For the first time, a woman encounters a similar disorder during puberty. Usually it is 11-14 years old. At this time, the girl "turns" into a girl. Her mammary glands begin to form, the first menstruation occurs.

During this period, hormonal failure may occur in girls. This can manifest itself in premature maturation, or vice versa - a delay in sexual formation.

With a delay in puberty, menstruation can occur at 15-16 years. The reason for this may be malnutrition, stress, frequent infectious diseases.

The main “side factor” that accompanies hormonal imbalance in adolescence is acne. If the girl is generally healthy, then acne can be quickly cured in a beauty parlor with the help of drying masks, liquid nitrogen and other procedures.

But if irritability, aggressiveness, lack of sleep and menstrual irregularities are added to problematic skin, then this is a serious reason to contact a doctor with a child.

In a healthy teenager, minor manifestations of hormonal imbalance can be adjusted by the correct daily routine, balanced nutrition, good sleep, and taking vitamin complexes.

At this age, parents should be attentive to their daughter. Very often, girls need a warm family environment, close communication with their mother, understanding. You should be patient and become your child's best friend. A warm attitude towards your daughter will be rewarded many times over. After all, happy is the person who was able to raise good and worthy children!

Hormonal imbalance after childbirth

Pregnancy and childbirth is the most important period in a woman's life. At this time, she releases many different hormones. If a girl before pregnancy did not have serious diseases and led a correct lifestyle, then after childbirth she recovers very quickly without side effects within 2-3 months.

However, often childbirth and pregnancy can disrupt the functioning of various systems. Childbirth is a great stress for the body, and the endocrine system “suffers” the most from this.

Hormone imbalance symptoms include:

• unstable mental background;
• weight gain;
• pressure surges;
• decreased libido;
• problems with lactation.

If the recovery period has dragged on for more than six months, then you should contact an endocrinologist. The doctor must prescribe tests, and then prescribe the appropriate drugs.

Weight gain after pregnancy is normal. With a healthy lifestyle, weight will return to normal very quickly. You can lose weight with hormonal failure with the help of fitness and the right diet. Sports and diet can be started no earlier than 6 months after childbirth. After all, intense exercise and food restrictions can have a destructive effect on milk production.

You need to lose weight after childbirth only after consulting a doctor so as not to harm yourself or your baby!

Hormonal failure after an abortion

In the vast majority of cases, after an abortion, a woman experiences hormonal failure. This can be explained as follows: for the development of the fetus, various hormones actively begin to be released into the blood of a woman, ensuring the vital activity of both the future baby and the mother. But the abrupt cessation of this physiological process disrupts the hormonal system.

This is manifested by such symptoms:

• a sharp weight gain;
• hypertension;
• sweating;
• hair loss;
• problems with the skin, nails;
• frequent headaches, depression, nervous breakdowns.

Abortion is always a threat to women's health. The earlier it is done, the less negative consequences. If the surgery went well, then a month later the woman has her period again and she has a chance to become a mother again. Unfortunately, in many cases, after an abortion, it takes a long time to recover, taking hormonal drugs.

Abortion is especially dangerous for women who have not given birth. It threatens the most terrible consequence for a woman - infertility.

Climax - the attenuation of the reproductive function

Decay of reproductive function begins after 45 years. Menstruation becomes irregular and all sexual functions gradually fade away.

In most cases, menopause is accompanied by unpleasant symptoms:

• disorders of the cardiovascular system;
• insomnia;
• sweating;
• mood swings;
• pressure surges;
• headaches and migraines.

All these symptoms indicate insufficient estrogen production. You can reduce the manifestations of all the “charms” of menopause with a healthy diet, good rest, and a good psychological atmosphere. In difficult cases, it is necessary to treat hormonal failure with special drugs. All this should be prescribed by a doctor and prescribe a medicine, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient.

How to fix hormonal imbalance

Starting treatment, it is necessary to identify the cause of the imbalance of hormones. To do this, the doctor prescribes blood tests to determine their amount produced by the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and ovaries.

After receiving the results, they are treated with drugs that contain natural and artificial hormones:

• Mastodion;
• Cyclodinone;
• Klimaktoplan;
• Yarina;
• Regulon;
• Novinet;
• Lindinet.

In addition, the doctor may prescribe antipsychotics, homeopathic medicines and vitamin complexes.

What to do with hormonal failure? If the failure of hormones is accompanied by an increase in body weight, then it is imperative to carry out work in the appropriate direction. It is necessary to review your diet and, under the supervision of a doctor, begin to eat right. Exercise is an essential part of weight loss. Thus, everything in a complex: medicines, diet and sports will give good long-term results.

Diet for hormonal imbalance

Hormone imbalance is often accompanied by weight gain. This may be due to such reasons:

• increased appetite;
• metabolic disease;
• fluid retention in tissues.

Nutrition for hormonal failure should include a variety of fresh and high-quality foods. Be sure to include in your diet:

• vegetables, fruits, herbs;
• fish;
• poultry and beef meat;
• cereals;
• honey, nuts, dried fruits.

Plant foods containing fiber should make up 50% of the daily diet. Be sure to reduce sweet, spicy, smoked, salty foods that retain fluid in the cells.

You should get rid of bad habits: smoking, as well as alcohol. Alcoholic drinks contain a large number of calories, and also have a destructive effect on a woman's hormonal background.

To always be in good weight, you must follow simple rules:

1. Eat small meals 5-6 times a day.
2. Once a week, arrange a fasting day - drink kefir, and also eat apples.
3. You need to regularly weigh yourself and control your “ideal” weight.
4. Drink at least 2-3 liters of water daily.
5. Engage in any kind of sport: fitness, tennis, morning jogging, exercise on simulators.

Physical exercise not only burns calories, but also gives a boost of positive energy.

Is it possible to get pregnant with hormonal failure

A woman may have impaired reproductive functions, which threatens menstruation and infertility. If she cannot become pregnant, then the doctor usually prescribes a diagnosis:

• thyroid examination;
• checking the ovaries;
• donating blood for hormone tests.

After receiving the results, the doctor prescribes one of the methods of treatment:

• hormonal drugs;
• treatment of genital infections;
• a diet based on a balanced diet;
• surgical intervention.

Thus, pregnancy with hormonal failure is possible if timely treatment is started.

Treatment of hormonal failure in women with folk remedies is possible with the help of medicinal herbs that contain natural phytohormones. These include:

• sage;
• linseed oil;
• boron uterus;
• valerian root;
• mint;
• oregano;
• sagebrush.

Taking herbal infusions containing hormones has advantages over artificial hormonal drugs that have side effects.

Herbal decoctions should be taken according to a clear scheme, taking into account the individual tolerance of the body. Phytotherapy should be carried out after consulting a doctor so as not to harm the body.

Prevention for women:

1. The development of a hormonal disorder can very often go away for no apparent reason. Therefore, in order to recognize the "first bells", it is necessary to undergo a regular medical examination and take appropriate tests.
2. Lead a healthy lifestyle: eat well, sleep enough time, walk more and not exhaust yourself with heavy physical exertion.
3. At the first symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor and begin treatment.

Untimely treatment of hormone imbalance can lead to the following consequences:

• obesity
• infertility;
• breast cancer, cervical cancer;
• excessive growth of body hair;
• tooth loss and premature aging.

Hormonal failure is, first of all, dislike for yourself, as well as insufficient attention to your body. If you prevent the first symptoms of the disease in time, as well as lead a healthy lifestyle, then the production of hormones will return to normal very quickly.

The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

What is a hormonal imbalance?

All life cycles of the human body are directly related to the physiological changes in the hormonal background, which ensure growth and reproduction, development and decay.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the normal state of the hormonal background, since the endocrine system has a decisive influence on many functions of the central nervous system (emotions, feelings, memory, physical and intellectual performance), and also participates in the regulation of the work of all vital organs.

Initially, "hormonal failure" was called the pathology of the endocrine system in women, which was clinically manifested, first of all, by menstrual irregularities.

Recently, however, more and more often the phrase "hormonal failure" is used to refer to all sorts of troubles associated with endocrine regulation disorders in men.

The fact is that, despite all the differences in the structure of the reproductive system, hormonal disorders cause both in men and women many similar symptoms that have a systemic manifestation (disorders of the central nervous activity, obesity, osteoporosis, the development of severe diseases of the cardiovascular system and etc.).

Causes of hormonal failure in women and men

The causes of hormonal disruptions in men and women are very diverse. First of all, it should be noted that the hormonal background is the result of a complex interaction between the central system of neuroendocrine regulation located in the brain (the so-called hypothalamic-pituitary system) and the endocrine glands located on the periphery (male and female gonads).

So all the factors of hormonal failure in their origin can be divided into:
1. Causes associated with violations of the central regulation.
2. Causes due to the pathology of the peripheral glands (infectious and inflammatory diseases, congenital hypoplasia (underdevelopment), tumors, injuries, etc.).

Disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, in turn, can be caused by its direct organic damage (severe traumatic brain injury, tumor, encephalitis), or by the indirect influence of adverse external and internal factors (chronic fatigue syndrome, general exhaustion of the body, etc.). P.).

In addition, the general hormonal background is strongly influenced by endocrine glands that are not directly related to reproduction. This is especially true of the adrenal cortex and the thyroid gland.

The causes of hormonal failure can be nervous or physical overexertion, acute infectious diseases, beriberi. According to statistics, practically healthy girls who study on an intensive schedule (lyceums, gymnasiums, etc.) fall into the risk group.

Clinically, JUB is uterine bleeding that develops in girls during puberty (usually within 2 years after the first menstruation), after a delay in the next menstruation for a period of two weeks to several months.

Such bleeding, as a rule, is profuse, and leads to severe anemia. Sometimes SMCs are not abundant, but long (10-15 days).

Severe rebleeding can be complicated by an imbalance between the coagulation and anticoagulation systems of the blood (DIC), against which the bleeding intensifies even more - this condition poses an immediate threat to life and requires emergency medical care.

Signs of hormonal imbalance in women of reproductive age

Amenorrhea

The prolonged absence of menstruation, not associated with pregnancy or lactation, in women of reproductive age is called amenorrhea, and indicates a hormonal failure.

According to the mechanism of occurrence, they distinguish:
1. Amenorrhea of ​​central origin.
2. Amenorrhea associated with dysfunction of the adrenal cortex.
3. Amenorrhea caused by ovarian pathology.

Severe mental trauma, as well as physical exhaustion caused by prolonged illness or alimentary factors (prolonged fasting), can lead to amenorrhea of ​​the central genesis. In addition, direct damage to the hypothalamic-pituitary system is possible in case of injuries, infectious-inflammatory or oncological processes.

In such cases, hormonal failure occurs against the background of nervous and physical exhaustion, and is accompanied by symptoms of bradycardia, hypotension, anemia.

Amenorrhea can also be one of the manifestations of Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome. In such cases, hormonal imbalance leads to severe damage to many organs and systems. Patients have a very specific appearance: cushingoid obesity (moon-shaped purple-red face, fat deposits on the neck and upper half of the body with atrophy of the muscles of the limbs), male-type hair growth, purple striae on the body. In addition, arterial hypertension and osteoporosis are characteristic, and glucose tolerance is reduced.

Itsenko-Cushing syndrome indicates hyperproduction of adrenal hormones, so its cause may be neoplasms that secrete these hormones, or pituitary tumors that stimulate the synthesis of steroids in the adrenal glands.

However, the so-called functional hypercortisolism (pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) is quite common, when the cause of hormonal failure is functional disorders of the neuroendocrine system associated with obesity, alcoholism, and neuropsychiatric diseases.

The most common cause of ovarian amenorrhea is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which can occur under the influence of stress factors such as the onset of sexual activity, abortion, childbirth, etc. In addition to amenorrhea, the leading symptom of hormonal failure in PCOS is obesity, reaching the second or third degree, as well as male pattern hair growth (on the upper lip, chin, on the inner thighs). Very characteristic signs are also dystrophy of the skin and its appendages (stretch marks on the skin of the abdomen, chest and thighs; brittle nails, hair loss). In the future, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders develop - there is a tendency to develop atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age occurs, most often, due to hormonal failure caused by nervous or mental stress, infectious diseases, abortion, etc.

This disrupts the normal periodicity of the menstrual cycle, and there is a predisposition to malignant neoplasms of the endometrium. The ability to conceive and normal childbearing in women with DMC is reduced.

This kind of hormonal failure most often occurs after 30 years, but it can also develop in young girls. The causes of PMS are not fully understood. Hereditary predisposition is of great importance (the family nature of the pathology is often traced). Provoking factors are often abortions, severe nervous shocks, and infectious diseases.

Risk factors for the development of PMS are susceptibility to stress and physical inactivity (living in big cities, intellectual work, a sedentary lifestyle), as well as malnutrition, chronic gynecological diseases and lesions of the central nervous system (trauma, neuroinfection).

PMS got its name from the time of onset: symptoms appear a few days before the onset of menstruation, peak on the first day of menstrual bleeding, and disappear completely with the end. However, in severe cases, progression of PMS is observed - its duration increases, and light intervals are reduced.

Conventionally, all the symptoms of PMS can be divided into several groups:
1. Neurosis-like disorders: irritability, tendency to depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance (drowsiness during the day and insomnia at night).
2. Migraine-like syndrome: severe headache, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
3. Signs of metabolic disorders (swelling of the face and limbs).
4. Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia (lability of pulse and blood pressure, flatulence).

In severe cases, vegetative-vascular disorders proceed according to the type of sympathoadrenal crises (unmotivated bouts of fear of death, accompanied by an increase in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate, ending in profuse urination). Such crises indicate the involvement of the adrenal medulla in the process.

Most women complain of hypersensitivity to smells and painful breast engorgement. Often there are violations from various organs and systems (pain in the heart, a slight increase in body temperature, itching of the skin, allergic manifestations).

Today, the list of symptoms of hormonal failure in PMS has exceeded 200 items, but psycho-emotional disorders are the most common. At the same time, depression is more characteristic of young women, and irritability is more characteristic of mature women.

Hormonal failure in women after an abortion

Hormonal failure is one of the most common complications of abortion. It is caused by both a serious mental shock and a breakdown in the complex neuroendocrine restructuring of the body, which begins from the first weeks of pregnancy.

As a general rule, nulliparous abortions are much more likely to have complications, regardless of the method of abortion. Of course, the earlier the intervention was made, the lower the risk.

But if we are talking about medical abortion, then in this case, hormonal failure occurs already during the intervention itself. That is why after a medical abortion, a course of hormone therapy is required to restore the cycle.

Normally, the menstrual cycle should be restored a month after the abortion. If this does not happen, you should immediately consult a doctor.

In addition, the symptoms of hormonal failure after an abortion are:

• weight gain;
• the appearance of stretch marks on the skin;
• symptoms from the nervous system (irritability, headache, fatigue, depression);
• instability of blood pressure and pulse, sweating.

Hormonal failure in women after childbirth

After childbirth, a physiological restructuring of the body takes place, which takes a fairly long period of time. Therefore, the timing of the restoration of a normal menstrual cycle is very variable, even in cases where a woman is not breastfeeding.

Weight gain after childbirth during lactation is physiological - this is a side effect of hormones that stimulate milk production. Therefore, lactating women can only be advised to move more, and also to exclude easily digestible high-calorie foods (sweets, muffins, etc.). During lactation, diets are contraindicated.

As a rule, after a period of feeding, the weight gradually decreases as the hormonal background returns to normal.

If in the post-lactation period, despite dietary restrictions and normal physical activity, the weight does not return to normal, the presence of hormonal failure can be suspected.

Thus, it is necessary to consult a doctor in cases where, after childbirth and the end of the lactation period, the following symptoms are observed:

• unmotivated weight gain;
• signs of virilization (male pattern hair growth);
• irregular menstrual cycle, spotting bleeding between periods;
• symptoms of neurosis (headaches, irritability, drowsiness, etc.).

Such a hormonal failure after childbirth can be triggered by various adverse factors: stress, acute infectious diseases, exacerbation of chronic somatic ailments, gynecological pathology, overwork.

Signs of hormonal failure in women during menopause

Menopause is the period of attenuation of the reproductive function. In women, it occurs after 45 years, and continues until the end of life. Irregular menstruation after the age of 45 is considered a physiological phenomenon if it does not lead to heavy bleeding and is not accompanied by any unpleasant symptoms. It should be noted that for many women, the cessation of menstruation occurs suddenly and painlessly.

However, the physiological decline of the reproductive function today is less common than the so-called climacteric syndrome - a symptom complex caused by hormonal failure.

By the time of onset, all the symptoms of pathological menopause are divided into the following groups:
1. Early - appear two to three years before menopause (complete cessation of menstruation).
2. Delayed - develop over two to three years after menopause.
3. Late - occur five or more years after menopause.

Early signs include the most characteristic symptom of hormonal failure in menopausal syndrome - the so-called hot flashes, which are bouts of heat, especially strongly felt in the face.

Other early symptoms of pathological menopause are in many ways similar to signs of hormonal failure in premenstrual syndrome: psycho-emotional disorders (irritability, depression, fatigue), vegetative-vascular pathology (palpitations, blood pressure lability, pain in the heart), possible attacks of headaches resembling migraine.

Delayed symptoms are associated with insufficiency of female hormones - estrogens. Estrogen deficiency causes dystrophic lesions of the skin and its appendages.

These processes, as a rule, are most pronounced in relation to the mucous membranes of the female genital organs, and lead to the development of a complex of urogenital disorders (dryness of the vagina, lowering of its walls, pain during intercourse, discomfort during urination, urinary incontinence), in severe cases inflammatory processes (cystitis, vulvovaginitis).

In addition, increased dryness of the skin, brittle nails, and hair loss are often observed.

Late symptoms of hormonal failure in pathological menopause are signs of a gross violation of metabolic processes. The most characteristic are systemic osteoporosis, lipid metabolism disorders (vascular atherosclerosis) and carbohydrate metabolism (decreased glucose tolerance, development of type 2 diabetes mellitus).

The causes of hormonal disruptions in pathological menopause are not fully understood. However, the importance of hereditary predisposition has been proven. As provoking factors, they distinguish stress, malnutrition, physical inactivity, bad habits (smoking, frequent alcohol abuse).

The risk group for the development of pathological menopause includes women with the following pathologies:
1. Neuroendocrine disorders: premenstrual syndrome, toxicosis of pregnancy and dysfunctional uterine bleeding in history.
2. Diseases of the central nervous system: neuroinfections, neurosis, mental illness.
3. Gynecological pathologies: chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, endometriosis.
4. Complicated obstetric history: abortions, miscarriages, difficult births.

Causes of hormonal failure in men

Male sex hormones (androgens) are produced in the gonads - the testicles. Their products ensure the development of secondary sexual characteristics in boys, as well as high growth, powerful muscles, aggressiveness.

Interestingly, for the normal functioning of the male body, female sex hormones (estrogens) are also needed, so the blood of a healthy man contains more estrogens than the blood of a woman during menopause.

Clinical studies have proven that it is estrogens that provide normal libido (sexual desire decreases with both excess and deficiency of female sex hormones in men). In addition, estrogens are responsible for normal sperm maturation and cognitive abilities, and also affect lipid metabolism. Another important function of estrogens is to ensure normal calcium metabolism in the bones.

Most of the estrogen in the male body is formed as a result of the transformation of testosterone in the liver and adipose tissue. Only a small percentage is synthesized directly in the sex glands.

In men, as well as in women, the regulation of the activity of the sex glands is coordinated with the help of a complex hypothalamic-pituitary system.

Thus, hormonal disruptions in men can occur as a result of direct damage to the testicles (congenital anomalies, trauma, infectious and inflammatory processes, etc.) and in violation of the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Accordingly, primary and secondary hypogonadism (primary and secondary insufficiency in the production of male sex hormones) are distinguished.

Secondary hypogonadism (hormonal deficiency of central origin) in men occurs for the same reasons as in women (tumors of the hypothalamic-pituitary zone, trauma, neuroinfections, congenital malformations).

In addition, hormonal failure in men may be associated with an increase in the formation of estrogen from testosterone. This often happens with chronic intoxications, when the metabolism of androgens in the liver is disturbed, and their transformation into estrogens increases (chronic alcoholism, drug use, professional contact with certain poisons, exposure to radiation).

Less commonly, male hormone deficiency can be caused by endocrine pathologies (hyperthyroidism), hormone-active tumors, severe liver and kidney damage that occurs with intoxication (uremia, liver failure).

Symptoms of hormonal failure in men

puberty

Just like in women, men have untimely (too early or too late) sexual development. Despite the difference in the structure of the sexes, the causes and symptoms of untimely development are similar.

Premature sexual development (PPR) in boys is usually associated with neoplasms of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Also found constitutional early sexual development. With PPR, secondary sexual characteristics in boys appear before the age of 7-8 years, there is increased growth, which suddenly stops in adolescence due to premature ossification of bone growth zones.

There are also false PPR associated with the pathology of the adrenal cortex. In such cases, it is combined with obesity and other signs of metabolic disorders. A similar clinical picture develops when eating foods containing a large amount of hormones (milk and meat of animals stimulated with steroid drugs).

Sexual retardation (SPR) in boys is said to be when development is more than two years late compared to the average. Hormonal failure in such cases is most often associated with damage to the central nervous system (trauma, infection, intoxication, etc.), endocrine pathology (obesity, thyroid pathology) or severe chronic diseases that led to general exhaustion of the body.

When making a diagnosis of mental retardation, differential diagnosis with hypogonadism (primary or secondary) should be carried out, as well as the possibility of constitutional mental retardation (hereditary developmental features in healthy children) should be taken into account.

Symptoms of hormonal disruptions in men of reproductive age

Hormonal disruptions in men of reproductive age, as a rule, occur with absolute or relative hyperestrogenemia, and are manifested by the following symptoms:

• gynecomastia (breast enlargement);
• obesity;
• disorders of the nervous system;
• decreased libido, disorders in the sexual and reproductive sphere.

Hormonal imbalance can be caused by a variety of reasons: both external (stress, unhealthy lifestyle, overeating, smoking, excessive drinking), and internal (diseases of the central nervous system, endocrine diseases, intoxication, severe damage to the liver or kidneys). Therefore, the clinical picture will be supplemented by signs of the pathology that caused the hormonal failure.

Signs of hormonal failure during menopause in men

Normally, in men, sexual function gradually decreases with age. However, this process is often accompanied by a number of pathological symptoms, the totality of which is called "climacteric syndrome in men."

With pathological menopause in men, as well as in women, symptoms of a violation of higher nervous activity come first:

• irritability;
• fast fatiguability;
• mood lability with a tendency to depression;
• tearfulness;
• low self-esteem;
• feeling of own uselessness;
• panic attacks;
• decrease in cognitive and creative abilities.

Another characteristic symptom of pathological menopause in men is a sharp decrease in sexual function, which is accompanied by disorders of the genitourinary system (painful urination, urinary incontinence, etc.).

Hormonal failure is manifested by symptoms characteristic of relative hyperestrogenemia: the mammary glands enlarge, there is a rapid weight gain with fatty deposits according to the female type (on the abdomen, hips, chest), often the type of pubic hair growth resembles a female, facial hair growth stops or weakens and on the body.

Dystrophic changes in the musculoskeletal system are rapidly growing: osteoporosis, muscle flabbiness and weakness develop, patients complain of pain in the joints and bones.

Violations of the cardiovascular system are very characteristic: pain in the region of the heart, palpitations, hypertension and atherosclerosis develop.

The skin becomes dry and atrophic, brittle nails appear, hair falls out.

Violations of the vegetative-vascular system resemble the symptoms of female menopause: hot flashes, excessive sweating are often found.

The development of pathological menopause in men is facilitated by diseases of the central nervous system (craniocerebral trauma, neuroinfections, intoxication), pathologies of the endocrine system (obesity, thyroid disease), liver disease, unhealthy lifestyle (physical inactivity, malnutrition, alcohol abuse, smoking) .

To provoke a hormonal failure can be a strong prolonged nervous strain or a severe somatic disease. There is evidence of a hereditary predisposition to the occurrence of hormonal disruptions. In addition, men with a history of hormonal disruptions (delayed puberty, sexual dysfunction during the reproductive period) are at risk for the development of pathological menopause.

Diagnostics

When signs of hormonal failure appear, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive medical examination, including all the necessary tests to determine the level of hormones, as well as a study of the state of internal organs that could suffer from hormonal imbalance (diagnosis of osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, etc.).

In addition, it is necessary to exclude severe organic pathologies that often cause hormonal failure (hormone-producing tumors, severe lesions of the central nervous system, cirrhosis of the liver with gynecomastia, etc.).

Of course, differential diagnosis should be carried out between various neuroendocrine disorders (primary or secondary hypogonadism, hormonal deficiency or Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, etc.).

Treatment of hormonal failure

In cases where it is possible to radically eliminate the cause of hormonal failure (hormone-producing tumor), etiological treatment is carried out.

If the cause is unremovable (climacteric syndrome, primary hypogonadism), according to indications, hormone replacement therapy is prescribed.

Hormonal disruptions in women and men of the reproductive period can often be corrected by the course administration of hormonal drugs, in cases where they are not caused by a serious organic pathology.

Of great importance in the treatment and prevention of hormonal disruptions in women and men is a healthy lifestyle:

• correct daily routine;
• healthy eating;
• dosed physical activity;
• getting rid of bad habits (smoking, alcoholism, drug use);
• prevention of stress reactions.

According to indications, vitamin therapy, herbal medicine, physiotherapy, spa treatment are carried out.

16 Symptoms of Hormonal Failure Everyone Should Know to Take Action on Time - Video

Before use, you should consult with a specialist.