Legal acts regulating social work in Russia. Regulatory legal acts regulating social services Regulatory legal documents of social services for the population

The fundamentals of legal regulation in the field of social services for the population of the Russian Federation are established by the federal law “On the fundamentals of social services for the population in the Russian Federation.” It defines social services as “the activities of social services and individual specialists to support, provide social, social, medical, psychological, pedagogical, social and legal services, implement social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations.”

In the domestic literature, attempts have been made to generalize modern experience and, on this basis, to specify the essence of social services for various categories of the population.

To form an effective system of social services, it is also necessary to create your own tools for understanding the surrounding reality and the person in need of social services.

On January 1, 2015, the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 28, 2013 No. 442-FZ “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation” came into force in Russia, which radically changes the entire social service system.

The main goal of this law is to introduce non-state commercial and non-profit organizations into this area, in other words, to give social services a market nature, when free services will be provided only to a small part of the population that really needs help. In addition, the law is designed to eliminate the state monopoly on social service institutions and create a competitive environment in this area that will help improve the quality of social services and expand their range. The need to adopt this law was associated with the large number of people in need of social support, according to some estimates their number reaches 34 million people.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees social support to the population, but since the state is not able to provide high-quality social services to such a huge number of people in need, this law is necessary. In addition, another important reason for the adoption of this law is that previous laws in the field of social services for the population were focused only on elderly people and people with disabilities, which “left behind” such needy categories as: large families, families, in which there is an asocial lifestyle of some members, children experiencing difficulties in social adaptation, etc. Law No. 442-FZ “On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation” eliminates this drawback and significantly expands the list of recipients of social services, and moreover, provides regions have the opportunity to expand the existing list. Thus, according to the new law, large families, single-parent families and even families of students will be able to receive support, which is a significant positive point.

An important achievement of the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation” is that the program for the provision of medical and social rehabilitation services for people with disabilities is being improved. From the moment the law comes into force, a citizen in need of these services will be able to choose the institution where he will undergo rehabilitation and, together with a specialist, in accordance with the social contract, choose the most necessary and most acceptable rehabilitation measures for him.

The new law on social services, despite the expansion of the range of services provided and the emergence of new forms of receiving them, is aimed at reducing the number of citizens in need. This is evidenced by the preventative orientation of the document.

This legal act was not adopted unanimously not only by the State Duma, but also by the population. In particular, on the Internet you can still find statements from citizens that the preventive nature of the law will lead to the fact that in Russia, as in Western countries, children will be completely unreasonably removed from the family, if there is the slightest suspicion of that the child is being treated inappropriately. Of course, these opinions are wrong. The law does not provide for such radical measures; any visit by a specialist to a family will be carried out only with the consent of the family (except in cases where there is a real threat to the life and health of the child) and only if there are reliable facts that the family (or citizen) can in the near future in the future to be among the clients of social services and. etc.

The need to adopt this law is dictated by the objective needs of real life. In order for the law to fulfill its purpose, it is necessary to have clearly organized information and explanatory work among citizens receiving social services, since it is they who establish the demand for this “product”, and therefore put the entire system into action.

Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated December 28, 2013 No. 442-FZ “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation” is quite revolutionary and, like any revolutionary changes, its implementation will radically change the sphere of social services. Naturally, for it to be fully understood, a certain period of time must pass, and the task of employees in this area is to maximize the use of the advantages of this law in providing social support and, perhaps, this document will lead to the fact that the provision of social support to the population in Russia in a few years will not will be inferior in quality and level of professionalism to the Western system.

Among the main changes, attention should also be paid to the transformation of the fundamental principles of social services. In order to update the approach to providing citizens with quality social services, new principles are being introduced into the regulation of the social service system:

1) the proximity of social service providers to the place of residence of recipients of social services, the sufficiency of the number of social service providers to meet the needs of citizens for social services, the sufficiency of financial, material, technical, human and information resources of social service providers;

2) maintaining a stay in a familiar favorable environment. This principle demonstrates a completely new understanding of social services. However, it was he who, before entering into force and updating, had already caused a large amount of controversy among theorists and practicing lawyers. The question is that No. 442-FZ “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation” does not contain the concept of “habitual favorable environment”, which may lead to the emergence of conflict situations in law enforcement practice

Thus, in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation,” social work as a middle-level theory is designed to ensure the effectiveness of social services for the population. At the same time, the effectiveness of social services is largely determined by the level of professional specialists, their ability to work with a person - a specific individual or a group of people. Therefore, the effectiveness of social services can, according to scientists, be determined on the basis of both general (to evaluate its effectiveness in general) and specific (to evaluate specific social services of certain types and methods of social work, the work of individual specialists, employees of institutions) criteria. The direct source of determining the criteria for social services are the goals and objectives of the provision of social services and the degree of their implementation

The right to social security is one of the basic socio-economic human rights. It is enshrined in many international documents. This once again emphasizes the importance of this right and confirms that caring for the elderly, disabled, children and those who have lost their source of livelihood for reasons beyond their control is recognized as one of the universal values ​​in modern civilized society.

The provisions of the 1948 UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is the first general normative document in the field of human rights and freedoms, secure the right of everyone as a member of society to social security. Article 22 of the Declaration states: “Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and to the enjoyment of the economic, social and cultural rights necessary for his dignity and the free development of his personality, through national efforts and international cooperation and in accordance with the structure and resources of each state, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948) // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015.”

And Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states: “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and necessary social services, and the right to provision in case of unemployment, illness, disability, widowhood, old age or other case of loss of livelihood due to circumstances beyond his control Universal Declaration of Human Rights (adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948) // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf .-M., 2015.”

The right to social security and social services is also contained in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966. Article 9 of this international document states: “The states participating in this Covenant recognize the right of every person to social security, including social insurance. International Covenant of December 16, 1966 “On Economic, Social and Cultural Rights” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf .-M., 2015.”

Article 14 of the European Social Charter states the following regarding the right to social services: “In order to ensure the effective exercise of the right to social services, the Parties undertake:

1. to promote activities or the creation of services that, using social work methods, would contribute to the well-being and development of both individuals and groups in society, as well as their adaptation to the social environment;

2. encourage the participation of individuals, as well as voluntary or other organizations in the creation and operation of such services European Social Charter (revised) (adopted in Strasbourg on 05/03/1996) // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M. ,2015."

It should be said that the concept of human rights, the rule of law and social justice were developed in the acts of the International Labor Organization on social security.

The ILO Conventions and Recommendations establish the human right to certain types of social services (medical care, sanatorium and resort treatment, the rights of people with disabilities to professional rehabilitation and employment, prosthetic and orthopedic care, rights to medical care, keeping children in preschool institutions, etc. .).

For example, ILO Convention No. 159 deals with vocational rehabilitation and employment of persons with disabilities. It states that each State party to the Convention considers the task of vocational rehabilitation to be to provide disabled persons with opportunities to obtain, maintain and advance in suitable employment, thereby facilitating their social integration or reintegration. Convention No. 159 of the International Labor Organization “On Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Persons with Disabilities” [Russian, English] (Concluded in Geneva on June 20, 1983) // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015.

The International Labor Organization also adopted the Convention on Minimum Standards of Social Security Convention of the International Labor Organization No. 102 “On Minimum Standards of Social Security” (Geneva, June 28, 1952) // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015 .. It consists of 15 sections devoted to medical care, various types of benefits, etc. Russia does not yet participate in this convention.

Thus, the right to social services, along with the right to social security and social insurance, are enshrined in the documents of such an important international organization as the ILO.

After the collapse of the USSR, in connection with the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States, member states of the Commonwealth on May 26, 1995. adopted the CIS Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.

Article 16 of this Convention established the citizen’s right to social services as an independent right:

"1. Every person has the right to social security, including social insurance for old age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, raising children and in other cases established by national legislation.

2. In order to ensure the effective exercise of the right to social and medical assistance, the Contracting Parties undertake to ensure that any person who does not have sufficient means and who is unable to obtain such means through his own efforts or from other sources, in particular through benefits under the social system provision, received the necessary assistance, and in case of illness, the care necessary for his condition.

3. In order to ensure the effective implementation of the right of mothers and children to social and economic protection, the Contracting Parties will take all appropriate and necessary measures in this direction, including the creation and maintenance of appropriate institutions or services Convention of the Commonwealth of Independent States on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (Minsk, 26 May 1995) // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015.”

Thus, the most important international human rights acts contain basic social standards, types of social assistance, and establish the human right to social security and services.

Russia must respect international law and its fundamental principles and take into account what is written about rights and freedoms in generally recognized international documents. To build a rule-of-law state, it is necessary to focus on international law.

The main and fundamental law of the Russian Federation is the Constitution. It has the highest legal force, direct effect and is applied throughout the Russian Federation.

According to Article 17 of the Constitution in the Russian Federation, the rights and freedoms of man and citizen are recognized and guaranteed in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law Constitution of the Russian Federation: taking into account the amendments introduced by the Laws of the Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 6-FKZ, dated December 30 .2008 N 7-FKZ, dated 02/05/2014 N 2-FKZ, dated 07/21/2014 N 11-FKZ. // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

The Constitution of our country contains an important provision that “The generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation are an integral part of its legal system. If an international treaty of the Russian Federation establishes rules other than those provided for by law, then the rules of the international treaty Constitution of the Russian Federation are applied: taking into account the amendments introduced by the Laws of the Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 6-FKZ, dated December 30, 2008 N 7- FKZ, dated 02/05/2014 N 2-FKZ, dated 07/21/2014 N 11-FKZ. // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015.” (clause 4 of article 15). This article of the Constitution defines the relationship between international and Russian law, taking into account the supremacy of international law.

The Constitution, along with other important human rights, also talks about the right to social services as an element of the social and legal status of a citizen. Therefore, it can be argued about the constitutional nature of this right.

Article 7 proclaims Russia a social state, whose policy is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a decent life and free development of people. In the Russian Federation, the labor and health of people are protected, a guaranteed minimum wage is established, state support is provided for the family, motherhood, paternity and childhood, the disabled and elderly citizens, a system of social services is developed, state pensions, benefits and other guarantees of social protection are established. Ibid. .

Article 39 of the Basic Law guarantees everyone social security by age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, for raising children and in other cases established by law. State pensions and social benefits are established by law. Voluntary social insurance, the creation of additional forms of social security and charity are encouraged. Ibid..

Article 41 of the Constitution stipulates that everyone has the right to health care and medical care. Medical care in state and municipal health care institutions is provided to citizens free of charge at the expense of the corresponding budget, insurance premiums, and other revenues. Constitution of the Russian Federation: taking into account amendments made by the Laws of the Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2008 N 6-FKZ, dated December 30. 2008 N 7-FKZ, dated 02/05/2014 N 2-FKZ, dated 07/21/2014 N 11-FKZ. // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

However, the Constitution enshrines only general provisions that should be developed in various normative acts adopted on its basis.

Legislation on social services operates at the federal, regional, municipal and local levels.

The main Federal laws regulating social security in the Russian Federation are the following:

Federal Law of December 28, 2013 No. 442-FZ “On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation” Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ (as amended on July 21, 2014) “On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation.” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

This law was adopted on December 28, 2013. And the bill adopted as this Law was developed in pursuance of the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation dated November 27, 2010 No. Pr-3464GS following a meeting of the Presidium of the State Council of the Russian Federation on October 25, 2010 and submitted to the State Duma by the Government of the Russian Federation.

The law itself came into force on January 1, 2015 and made significant changes to the system and procedure for the provision of social services.

This time interval will allow, according to the legislator, social institutions and services a gradual transition to the innovations provided for in the new law.

Since the entry into force of Federal Law No. 442-FZ, the Federal Law of August 2, 1995 No. 122-FZ “On Social Services for Elderly and Disabled Citizens” and the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. 195-FZ “On fundamentals of social services for the population in the Russian Federation.”

Since many changes were made to the previous law of 1995, it turned out that further introducing new changes into it would simply be inappropriate, and it was easier to develop a new and already perfect one from the point of view of all the adjustments and changes that have occurred in the field of social protection and social services.

Thus, the new Federal Law of December 28, 2013 No. 442-FZ “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation” largely reflects modern conditions; it already takes into account past accumulated experience.

All this improves the quality of social services provided; thanks to the appearance of this regulatory act, uniform standards of social services for the population are introduced throughout the Russian Federation.

a) in the Russian Federation, the number of people in need of social services increases every year: these are disabled people, old people, families with children, people in difficult life situations;

b) the provisions enshrined in the new law will help improve the quality and efficiency of the social services provided and the organization of the social service system in such a way as to help as many people as possible;

c) the bill involves the recognition of existing laws as no longer in force and the formation of a unified legislative act regulating relations in the field of social services for the population;

d) development will take place taking into account the norms of current legislation and international documents signed by the Russian Federation, taking into account the study of the current practice of implementing legal requirements and relying on the experience in this area of ​​foreign countries.

The new law adopted establishes:

1) legal, organizational and economic foundations of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation;

2) the powers of federal government bodies and the powers of government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of social services for citizens;

3) rights and obligations of recipients of social services;

4) rights and obligations of social service providers.

This Federal Law applies to citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Federation, refugees, as well as legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal form, and individual entrepreneurs providing social services to citizens.

Article 2 of Federal Law No. 442-FZ states the following: “Legal regulation of social services for citizens is carried out on the basis of this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation” Federal Law dated December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ (as amended on July 21, 2014) “On the basics of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation.” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

The law establishes the basic principles of social services, clarifies the basic concepts from the field of social services, determines the forms of social services, types of social services and conditions for their provision, principles of financial support for the activities of social service organizations.

The law defines a list of powers of federal government bodies and a list of powers of government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Now, according to this document, the provision and refusal of social services is possible only taking into account the will of the recipient. A citizen (his legal representative) can apply for the provision of social services directly himself or, at his request, other citizens, state bodies, local government bodies, public associations as an authorized government body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or directly to a social service provider with a written or electronic application for provision of social services.

The law introduces new concepts of “recipient of social services”, “provider of social services”, “prevention of circumstances that determine the need for social services”, the concept of “standard of social services” is set out in a new edition (basic requirements for the volume, frequency and quality of provision of social services) , while the standard of social services is an integral part of the procedure for providing social services Borisov A.N. Commentary on the Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation” (article-by-article) // Garant: reference and legal system - M., 2014..

This Law does not contain the concept of “difficult life situation”, the concept of which was provided for in the previous law of 1995. Instead, Article 15 clearly establishes the circumstances under which citizens are recognized as in need of social services.

The normative act stipulates an individual approach to identifying recipients of social services based on the citizen’s need for social services. Taking into account the grounds on which a citizen was recognized as in need of social services, the government body authorized to perform functions in the field of social services of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation determines the individual need for social services and draws up an individual program for the provision of social services.

The law also provides for social support for citizens in the provision of social services, which involves assistance in the provision of medical, psychological, pedagogical, legal, social assistance not related to social services, based on interdepartmental interaction of organizations providing such assistance (based on regulations approved by government bodies subjects of the Russian Federation).

The law contains rules providing for control (supervision) in the field of social services, including public control. See: ibid.

Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On the Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” Federal Law of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ (as amended on July 21, 2014, as amended on April 6, 2015) “On the Social Protection of Disabled Persons” In Russian federation". // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

This Federal Law determines the state policy in the field of social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation, the purpose of which is to provide disabled people with equal opportunities with other citizens in the implementation of civil, economic, political and other rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

The law defines the concept of “disabled person” - this is a person who has a health impairment with a persistent disorder of body functions, caused by diseases, consequences of injuries or defects, leading to limitation of life activity and causing the need for his social protection Federal Law of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ ( ed. dated July 21, 2014, as amended on April 6, 2015) “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation.” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

Social protection of disabled people is understood as a system of state-guaranteed economic, legal and social support measures that provide disabled people with conditions for overcoming, replacing (compensating) limitations in their life activities and aimed at creating equal opportunities for them to participate in the life of society with other citizens.

Social support for people with disabilities is understood as a system of measures that provides social guarantees for people with disabilities, established by laws and other regulations, with the exception of pensions.

This law is one of the main legal acts that determine the level of social protection of people with disabilities.

Federal Law of December 21, 1996 No. 159-FZ “On additional guarantees for social support of orphans and children left without parental care” Federal Law of December 21, 1996 No. 159-FZ (as amended on December 31, 2014) “On additional guarantees for social support for orphans and children left without parental care.” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

This law belongs to the category of normative legal acts that establish the right of certain categories to social security, including social services.

The federal law determines the general principles, content and measures of social support for orphans and children without parental care, as well as persons from among orphans and children without parental care.

Additional guarantees for social support for this category of citizens are a set of social measures that provide the opportunity to improve living conditions, receive additional education, medical care, exercise the right to work, etc.

The law regulates relations arising in connection with the provision and provision by public authorities of additional guarantees for the social protection of the rights of orphans and children without parental care, as well as persons from among orphans and children without parental care.

Federal Law of January 12, 1995 No. 5-FZ “On Veterans” Federal Law of January 12, 1995 N 5-FZ (as amended on December 22, 2014, as amended on April 6, 2015) “On Veterans.” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

The federal law establishes legal guarantees for the social protection of veterans in the Russian Federation in order to create conditions that provide them with a decent life, active work, honor and respect in society.

It applies to citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as to foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Federation who belong to certain categories of veterans.

The Law “On Veterans” is the first attempt of the domestic legislator to bring together the entire array of basic provisions relating to social support for veterans. Before its adoption, a significant number of regulations were in force, varying in departmental affiliation, legal force and scope of application. With the adoption of Law No. 5-FZ, a unified legal framework was created for the implementation of the main directions of social policy in the field of supporting veterans. At the same time, the Law does not disclose in detail the mechanism for providing veterans with social support measures, but only defines the circle of persons who are subject to the Law and declares their basic rights and guarantees Slobtsov I.A., Shashkova O.V., Shashmurina N.V. Commentary on the Federal Law of January 12, 1995 N 5-FZ “On Veterans”. // Guarantor: reference and legal system, 2014..

Federal Law of July 24, 1998 No. 124-FZ “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation” Federal Law of December 21, 1996 No. 159-FZ (as amended on December 31, 2014) “On Additional Guarantees for Social Support for Orphans and Children left without parental care." // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015..

The federal law establishes the basic guarantees of the rights and legitimate interests of the child, provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, in order to create legal, socio-economic conditions for the realization of the rights and legitimate interests of the child.

At the very beginning of the law it is emphasized that “The State recognizes childhood as an important stage of a person’s life and proceeds from the principles of priority of preparing children for a full life in society, developing their socially significant and creative activity, instilling in them high moral qualities, patriotism and citizenship. Ibid. "

Along with other fundamental concepts, it contains a definition of the concept of “social services for children”. These are organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, that carry out measures for social services for children (social support, provision of social, medical, psychological, pedagogical, legal services and material assistance, organization of recreation and health improvement, social rehabilitation of children in in difficult life situations, ensuring the employment of such children upon reaching working age), as well as citizens carrying out entrepreneurial activities without forming a legal entity to provide social services to the population, including children.

In addition to Federal laws, by-laws have been adopted and are in force regulating issues in the field of social services, for example, these include:

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1995 N 694 “On the sale of prosthetic and orthopedic products” Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1995 N 694 “On the sale of prosthetic and orthopedic products” // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015;

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 18, 1996 N 861 “On approval of the Procedure for raising and educating disabled children at home and in non-state educational institutions” Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 18, 1996 N 861 “On approval of the Procedure for raising and educating disabled children at home and in non-state educational institutions" // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015.;

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 8, 1996 N 670 “On approval of the Model Regulations on the establishment of social assistance for persons without a fixed place of residence and occupation” Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 8, 1996 N 670 “On approval of the Model Regulations on the establishment of social assistance for persons without a fixed place of residence and occupation" // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015.;

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2000 N 896 “On approval of exemplary provisions on specialized institutions for minors in need of social rehabilitation” Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2000 N 896 “On approval of exemplary provisions on specialized institutions for minors in need in social rehabilitation" // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015.;

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 25, 2007 N 608 “On the procedure for providing disabled people with translation services of Russian sign language (sign language interpretation, sign language translation)” Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 25, 2007 N 608 “On the procedure for providing disabled people with translation services of Russian sign language (sign language translation, sign language translation) )" // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015.;

Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2005 N 2347-r “On the federal list of rehabilitation measures, technical means of rehabilitation and services provided to disabled people” (as amended and supplemented, entered into force on 01.01.2015) Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 30 2005 N 2347-r “On the federal list of rehabilitation measures, technical means of rehabilitation and services provided to disabled people” (with amendments and additions, entered into force on 01/01/2015) // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015;

Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2002 N 25 “On approval of Recommendations for organizing the activities of specialized institutions for minors in need of social rehabilitation” Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2002 N 25 “On approval of Recommendations for organizing the activities of specialized institutions for minors in need of social rehabilitation” // Guarantor: reference and legal system - M., 2015. and other acts.

According to paragraph “g” of Article 72 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, “the coordination of health care issues is under the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; protection of family, motherhood, paternity and childhood; social protection, including social security Constitution of the Russian Federation: taking into account amendments introduced by the Laws of the Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 6-FKZ, dated December 30, 2008 N 7-FKZ, dated February 5, 2014 N 2-FKZ, dated 07/21/2014 N 11-FKZ. // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015.”

Thus, legal regulation of relations in social services can be carried out in the regions.

The main goal of such regulation is to increase the degree of social protection of citizens. These acts provide for additional, increased measures of social support for citizens compared to federal ones.

Subjects of the Federation can adopt their own regulatory legal acts and regional social development programs that take into account the specifics of a given region and increase the social security of citizens living in it.

Together with the provisions enshrined in federal legislation, regional regulations establish additional guarantees and principles of social services for citizens of a particular subject, the number of persons entitled to social services increases, and additional types of social services are introduced.

Federal Law “On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation Federal Law of October 6, 2003 N 131-FZ (as amended on March 30, 2015) “On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation.” // Consultant Plus: reference and legal system - VersionProf.-M., 2015.” The powers of local governments in the field of social security include providing social support and promoting employment, and this is directly related to social services.

It is worth saying that the current National Standard of the Russian Federation “Social services to the population GOST R 52495-2005. “National standard of the Russian Federation. Social services for the population. Terms and definitions" // M., Standartinform, 2006. Terms and definitions" is of no small importance for the state guarantee of social services.

This standard establishes terms and definitions of concepts in the field of social services. The terms and definitions contained in it include general concepts (for example, social service, social service, difficult life situation, etc.), types of social services, social service institutions and categories of social service clients.

Along with federal and regional, there is municipal and local regulation in the field of social services.

At the present stage of state development, when a market economy is being formed, municipal and local regulations become important as sources of social security law. The purpose of municipal and local regulations is to establish a higher degree of social protection for citizens at the municipal level and at the level of an individual organization. Social security law in Russia: Textbook / Ed. ed. E.G. Tuchkova. - M.: Prospekt, 2014. - p. 109.

Such regulation may manifest itself in the creation of additional guarantees of social protection, for example, in a specific organization, regardless of its legal form. When creating a collective agreement, it, for example, may provide for various types of social assistance, etc.

In this case, the following methods are used to regulate relations arising regarding social services: permission, prohibition, positive obligation, recommendations.

However, norms of a recommendatory nature in the field of provision of social services apply only to bodies providing social services, and not to citizens. And the legal restoration sanction in regulating relations in social services is not typical. Blagodir, A.L. Legal regulation of social services for citizens: abstract. dis. Ph.D. legal Sciences: 12.00.05 / A.L. Blagodir. - M., 2002. - p. 21.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 established the division of legislation into three categories: legislation of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and joint jurisdiction. Having created the legal basis for the formation and development of legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the Constitution of the Russian Federation intensified rule-making processes at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

By defining the subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its subjects, the Constitution of the Russian Federation does not establish for the federal legislator any boundaries and limits of legal regulation of social relations classified as subjects of joint jurisdiction. The federal legislator, guided by general constitutional principles, himself determines the limits and boundaries of his own legal activity in the joint legal field.

Unlimited legal powers of the federal legislative power on subjects of joint jurisdiction mean the actual location of these subjects in the sphere of competence of the Russian Federation, which, at its discretion, delegates to the subjects of the Russian Federation the exercise of certain powers1.

Joint jurisdiction in the field of social security and social protection means that a number of issues should be under the jurisdiction of constituent entities of the Russian Federation or municipalities. There may be two main reasons for this: the need to take into account regional characteristics and (or) the need to consolidate efforts, including financial resources, the center and regions, municipalities. For example, in accordance with the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation,” state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation carry out legal regulation of social services for the population, while establishing state standards.

The sphere of regional rule-making should also include issues that are not regulated by federal legislation. These include, for example, social support for large and young families. At the same time, subjects of the Russian Federation and local governments, at the expense of their budgets, have the right to increase the level of social security guarantees compared to the minimum federal level.

Thus, the delimitation of the spheres of exclusive and joint competence of the Russian Federation, its constituent entities, and municipal bodies should ensure comprehensive social protection of the population. At the same time, the distribution and redistribution of social functions between the federal, regional and local levels must be supported by appropriate sources of funding within the budgetary system of the Russian Federation. The sources of financing for certain types of social security are, respectively, state budgets (federal and constituent entities of the Russian Federation). Violation of the principle of balancing social security across levels of regulation (federal, regional) will inevitably lead to social inequality.

According to Art. 26.3 of the Federal Law of October 6, 1999 No. 184-FZ “On the general principles of organization of legislative (representative) and executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation” social support and social services for citizens in difficult life situations relates to powers and expenditure obligations subject of the Russian Federation.

At the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, various targeted programs in the field of social security are being developed, regional laws and by-laws are being published.

Examples of regulatory acts of subjects in this area of ​​relations include the Moscow City Law of July 9, 2008 No. 34 “On social services for the population of the city of Moscow.” The law regulates relations arising in the sphere of social services for the population of the city of Moscow in order to meet the needs of the population for affordable and high-quality social services.

In Art. 1 of this law contains an extensive conceptual apparatus, defining the following basic concepts:

• o state social service system;
• o social service client (client);
• o ability to self-service;
• o circumstances that objectively prevent family members or close relatives from fulfilling the responsibilities of caring for a citizen who is not capable of self-care;
• o difficult life situation;
• o socially dangerous situation;
• o state standards of social services in the city of Moscow;
• o inpatient social services;
• o non-stationary social services;
• o social adaptation;
• o social rehabilitation;
• o social service worker.

It should be noted that for the first time in the legislation on social services, the concept of circumstances that objectively prevent family members or close relatives from fulfilling the responsibilities of caring for a citizen incapable of self-care is explained, which is of undoubted practical importance when deciding on the provision of social services on a free basis.

This law also defines the types and content of social services, the grounds and procedure for their provision.

The list of types of social services specified in Art. 5 of the Law, includes: socio-economic; socio-medical; socio-psychological; socio-pedagogical; social and domestic; cultural and leisure; provision of social and legal assistance; consulting; social support; social rehabilitation; other social services.

The Moscow legislator expanded the list of social services in comparison with the guaranteed federal list, including new types of services - cultural and leisure, social support.

For the first time at the legislative level, it has been established that the provision of social services (with the exception of those provided by the emergency social services department) is formalized by an agreement concluded between the client (his legal representative) and the state social service institution (Part 6 of Article 6 of the Law).

This provision complies with the requirements of current legislation, since there is no doubt that the civilized economic circulation of services is built in the conditions of contractual relations of its participants on the basis of mutual coincidence of private interests. Acting on the basis of an agreement is beneficial for both the manufacturer and the consumer of services. The contract provides for and protects the consumer’s subjective rights to information, security, and quality of service. The contract is also beneficial to the service provider, since otherwise non-contractual (tort) liability will arise for poor quality service.

Also, this law (compared to the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 No. 195-FZ “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation) expands the list of persons entitled to receive free social services. These include, firstly, citizens those who are not capable of self-care due to old age, illness, or disability; who do not have relatives who can provide them with help and care; they have the right to receive social services free of charge, regardless of their average per capita income. adult incapacitated or partially capable citizens, as well as disabled people since childhood, who are in inpatient social service institutions on a five-day stay.

It is important that the list of persons entitled to free social services is open. The Moscow legislator has provided the opportunity for social service workers, taking into account individual needs, to provide free social services to other citizens in difficult life situations or socially dangerous situations.

The federal legislator has assigned the constituent entities of the Russian Federation the right to establish the procedure and conditions for the provision of free and paid social services. The establishment of state standards for social services also falls within the competence of government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Moscow City Law No. 34 of July 9, 2008 establishes that the Territorial List of Guaranteed Social Services (hereinafter referred to as the Territorial List of Guaranteed Services), the procedure and conditions for the provision of free social services, the procedure and conditions for payment for social services in state social service institutions are determined Government of Moscow.

In pursuance of these provisions, the Moscow Government has adopted a number of by-laws. First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the Decree of the Moscow Government of March 24, 2009 No. 215-PP “On measures to implement the Moscow City Law of July 9, 2008 No. 34 “On social services for the population of the city of Moscow”, which approved:

• o Regulations on the admission of citizens to non-stationary social service institutions of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the City of Moscow;
• o Regulations on the admission of citizens to inpatient social service institutions in the city of Moscow and payment for inpatient social service services;
• o Regulations on the procedure for providing targeted social assistance to citizens in difficult life situations by bodies and institutions of social protection of the population;
• o Territorial list of state-guaranteed social services provided to the population by social service institutions in the city of Moscow.

Resolution of the Moscow Government dated October 12, 2010 No. 919-PP “On the provision of paid social services to citizens by state institutions of non-stationary social services in the city of Moscow” approved the procedure and conditions for citizens to pay for paid social services provided by state institutions of non-stationary social services in the city of Moscow.

It should be noted that social services provided for by the territorial list of guaranteed services for citizens not specified in Art. 8 part 2 of the Moscow City Law of July 9, 2008 No. 34 “On social services for the population of the city of Moscow” (i.e., those who do not have the right to provide social services on a free basis) are provided for a fee. Additional services provided to all categories of citizens beyond the territorial list of guaranteed services are also provided for a fee.

By order of the Department of Economic Policy and Development of the City of Moscow dated March 5, 2011 No. 11-R, tariffs for paid social services were approved.

Decree of the Moscow Government of December 29, 2009 No. 1500-PP “On state standards of social services for the population in the city of Moscow” approved:

• o social standards for the provision and service of citizens in state social service institutions of the city of Moscow";
• o standards of average daily food packages for catering in government social service institutions;
• o standards for providing clothing, footwear and soft equipment to citizens living in state social service institutions;
• o standards for the issuance of special clothing for employees of state social service institutions;
• o minimum social standards for the provision of land per person living in state institutions of stationary social services;
• o minimum social standards for ensuring the standard area per person living in state institutions of inpatient social services.

The analysis of social legislation allows us to conclude that at the present stage a regulatory legal framework for social protection of the population has been formed. At the same time, the development of society and the ever-increasing requirements for the social security of its citizens require amendments and additions to the current legislation.

SOCIAL SERVICES to citizens - activities to provide social services to citizens;

SOCIAL SERVICE - an action or actions in the field of social services to provide constant, periodic, one-time assistance, including urgent assistance, to a citizen in order to improve his living conditions and (or) expand his ability to independently provide for his basic life needs.

The right to social services are citizens recognized as needing social services from among the citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Federation, refugees. These are elderly citizens, disabled people, children with disabilities, including disabled children, children and families in difficult life situations, citizens without a fixed place of residence.

The main types of social services are the following:

Material aid;

Social services at home;

Social services in inpatient institutions;

Providing temporary shelter;

Organization of day stay in social service institutions;

Advisory assistance;

Rehabilitation services.

Legal regulation of the provision of social services to citizens is carried out by several regulatory legal acts. Among the main ones, the federal laws “On the fundamentals of social services for the population in the Russian Federation” and “On social services for elderly citizens and the disabled” should be mentioned.

The Federal Law “On the Basics of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation” establishes:

1) legal, organizational and economic foundations of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation;

2) the powers of federal government bodies and the powers of government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of social services for citizens;

3) rights and obligations of recipients of social services;

4) rights and obligations of social service providers.

Social services are based on the observance of human rights and respect for the dignity of the individual, are humane in nature and do not allow humiliation of a person’s honor and dignity.

Basic principles of social services for citizens, enshrined in the Federal Law:

1) equal, free access of citizens to social services, regardless of their gender, race, age, nationality, language, origin, place of residence, attitude to religion, beliefs and membership of public associations;

2) targeting of the provision of social services;

3) the proximity of social service providers to the place of residence of recipients of social services, the sufficiency of the number of social service providers to meet the needs of citizens for social services, the sufficiency of financial, material, technical, human and information resources of social service providers;

4) maintaining the citizen’s stay in a familiar favorable environment;

5) voluntariness;

6) confidentiality.

The Federal Law “On Social Services for Elderly Citizens and Disabled People” regulates relations in the field of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people, which is one of the areas of activity for social protection of the population, establishes economic, social and legal guarantees for elderly citizens and disabled people, based on the need to establish the principles of humanity and mercy in society.

Social services for elderly citizens and the disabled are activities to meet the needs of these citizens for social services.

Activities in the field of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are based on the principles:

· respect for human and civil rights;

· provision of state guarantees in the field of social services;

· ensuring equal opportunities in receiving social services and their accessibility for elderly citizens and people with disabilities;

· continuity of all types of social services;

· orientation of social services to the individual needs of elderly citizens and disabled people;

· priority of measures for social adaptation of elderly citizens and disabled people;

· responsibility of government bodies and institutions, as well as officials for ensuring the rights of elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the field of social services.

12. Duty and responsibility as the basic concepts and categories of social work deontology.

Duty- this is a set of requirements presented to a person by society (team, organization), which appear to him as his duties, and compliance with which is his internal moral need.

This definition, which reveals the essence of debt, includes two sides: objective and subjective. The objective side of duty is the very content of its requirements, arising from the specifics of the roles that a person performs and which depend on the place he occupies in society. The objectivity of these requirements should be understood in the sense of independence from the desires of the individual. The subjective side of duty is the individual’s awareness of the requirements of society and the collective as necessary in relation to himself as the performer of a certain social role, as well as the internal readiness and even the need to fulfill them. This side of duty depends on the person and his individuality. It reveals the general level of moral development of a person, the level and depth of his understanding of his tasks.

The category “professional duty” expresses the social and professional connections of a specialist, the moral responsibilities of a specialist in relation to society, colleagues, clients and their social environment and is a reflection of the internal, moral need to follow the fulfillment of one’s duties, the need to follow a certain line of behavior dictated primarily by external interests in relation to the personality of a specialist.

All professions are necessary and useful for society. The very fact of their existence suggests that they are in demand by society, therefore, necessary, important and useful. All existing professions, directly or indirectly, ultimately serve the interests of man and humanity. However, there are professions whose external manifestations (i.e., the final results of the activities of specialists) have a significant impact on the development of society, its safety, cultural and moral state, or directly affect human interests.

Society places increased moral demands on certain types of professional activities. Particular attention is paid to the moral qualities of workers in those areas that are associated with the right to control people’s lives. Here we are talking not only about the level of morality, but also, first of all, about the proper performance of one’s professional duties (these are the professions of healthcare, education, management, social work, etc.). The labor activity of people in these professions, more than any other, does not lend itself to preliminary regulation and does not fit within the framework of official instructions. It is inherently creative. The peculiarities of the work of these professional groups add a new element to moral relations - interaction with people - the objects of activity. This is where moral responsibility becomes crucial. Society considers the moral qualities of an employee as one of the leading elements of his professional suitability. General moral norms must be specified in a person’s work activity, taking into account the specifics of his profession. An employee’s irresponsible attitude to professional duties poses a danger to others, harms society, and can ultimately lead to the degradation of the individual himself.

In relation to social work, deontology is a set of professional, legal, moral and ethical rules that make up the concept of the professional duty of a social worker.

Debt is internally naturally connected with responsibility, which expresses the correspondence of a person’s moral activity to his duty from the point of view of his capabilities. If a specialist’s duty is to understand and practically implement the requirements of professional morality in a specific situation, then his responsibility is determined from the point of view of the feasibility of the duty.

The responsibility of a specialist characterizes his personality in terms of the moral requirements imposed on him in terms of professional qualifications and personal qualities. Responsibility without duty is pointless; it never appears in isolation, especially when it comes to responsibility to oneself.

The work of a social worker is associated with a high degree of independence and moral responsibility, which represents a conscious attitude towards professional duty.

Responsibility, in turn, is not an abstract concept; it is inseparable from creativity and independence, attention to the people surrounding the social worker in his daily practical activities. In these cases, the concept of professional duty requires the specialist to be able to foresee the consequences of his activities, especially negative consequences, in accordance with the well-known principle: “first, do no harm,” attributed to Hippocrates.

Deontology is one of the foundations of the professional activities of social workers, medical workers, teachers, psychologists and representatives of other professions whose object of activity is a person, and professional actions are directly related and aimed at achieving the physical, mental and social health and well-being of a person, his social environment and society.

The deontology of social work is a set of norms, regulations and instructions about the duty and professional responsibilities, responsibility of a social worker (the workforce of a social protection institution) to society and the state, to social work as a profession and a social institution, to colleagues and to the client of the social service.

Thus, the professional duty of a specialist is those requirements that society, profession, team, clients and he himself make for behavior and actions, and what he himself feels the need for and for which he is responsible. Duty appears to a specialist in the form of duties, the observance of which becomes his internal moral need.

The specific content and main features of a social worker’s duty are determined by the fact that he is engaged in specific specific social activities to solve the problems of society, social groups and individuals, and stem from the content of his professional activity.

A social worker’s awareness of his professional duty is a reflection of his objective responsibilities in ideas, beliefs, feelings, habits, internal motives of professional activity and their embodiment in practical everyday activities. Thus, professional duty is determined by a combination of objective and subjective factors that determine the behavior of a specialist.

A sense of duty encourages a social worker to compare all his actions, actions and relationships in specific situations with the requirements and norms of professional morality. Social work as a type of professional activity and a social institution arises in response to an objective social need. Accordingly, the duties of a social worker and the functions of social work are a reflection of objective social reality.

A person's responsibilities to society are both objective and subjective. The first means that these duties exist whether a person recognizes them or not. They arise from the very fact of human life in society. The second means that the person recognizes the existence of these responsibilities and voluntarily assigns them to himself. The content of professional duty, therefore, follows from the requirements imposed by society on the activities and behavior of people performing certain functions on behalf of society and employed in a given professional field. This content of professional duty may be documented to a greater or lesser extent, but it exists objectively.

Not every functional responsibility of a social worker can be considered as his duty. Those duties that are imposed on a social worker from the outside under the influence of the situation or by higher officials and that do not benefit the client and society cannot be considered as his duty, but at the same time they can be fulfilled. The measure of a social worker’s responsibility for performing this type of duty in this case is his moral sense, honor and dignity, civic sense of responsibility and discipline of the performer.

Under certain conditions, objective and professional duty actually becomes the internal moral duty of the social worker as an individual and as a member of the profession. Moral duty - as a deeply realized need for a certain line of behavior dictated by the needs of achieving good in the “person - environment” system - for a social worker is a continuation of professional duty and an integral attribute of the profession.

For a professional social worker, the requirements of professional duty largely coincide with his personal interests, due to which he recognizes duty as a necessity, an internal need, a moral obligation. The dictates of professional duty, which have become the internal convictions of a social worker, are the determining spiritual stimulus for his activities.

A social worker’s awareness of his professional duty means:

– high professional and qualification level as a guarantor of work quality;

– clear knowledge of one’s professional duties, conscientious and strict implementation of them;

– professional activities strictly within the framework of the regulatory framework;

– deep conviction in the need to fulfill one’s professional duties, since this is required by the interests of society, the team of the social protection institution and the client;

– conscious and active participation in professional activities in order to achieve the benefit of society, the workforce and the client;

– interest in improving the efficiency of your team and your individual work;

– high level of organization and conscious discipline, habit of proper behavior;

– presence of strong-willed qualities necessary to fulfill one’s professional duty;

– the desire to constantly improve in the profession, master new knowledge, and gain practical experience.

Thus. we can say that deontology shows what requirements society places on a social worker as a specialist, citizen and person.

Related information.

International legislation in the field of social services

The legal basis for social services is a number of international documents that are both universal and specialized.

Let us note the largest international acts in the field of social services.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights of December 10, 1948. The provisions of Article 22 of the Universal Declaration state that a person is able to develop provided that his personality is respected, as well as when conditions are created for him when all people have equal social, political, economic and other rights in accordance with the resources of the state in which he resides, and its structure.

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of December 19, 1966. The norms of the pact establish the right of everyone to social services, and its norms also guarantee an adequate standard of living.

Convention on the Rights of the Child of November 20, 1989. The provisions of the Convention oblige states to provide the child with such protection and support as is necessary for his harmonious development and well-being. According to the provisions of the Convention, children have the right to benefit from excellent health services, the right to education, and to social security and social services as a matter of priority.

UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of December 13, 2006. The Convention enshrines the right of people with developmental disabilities to full inclusion in public life without discrimination due to disability, to the protection of all rights of people with disabilities, and to equal access to resources.

European Social Charter. The European Social Charter can be called a key international document that proclaims and guarantees social human rights, including the right to social services, which is enshrined in a separate article of the Charter. Art. 14 of the Charter obliges participating countries to provide assistance in the activities of social services that provide social services, including both government agencies and charitable and non-governmental ones. The European Social Charter outlines the specifics of the social rights of various categories of citizens, thereby allowing the charter to take into account the specifics of nationalities and gender and age differences.

Note 1

Thus, we have named the largest international acts in the field of social services. They proclaim and consolidate the rights of all categories of the population to equal rights and decent living conditions without discrimination on racial, gender, age and other grounds.

Federal legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of social services for the population

The legal basis for social services includes federal legislation, regional and municipal legislation, and local acts of institutions.

Note 2

First of all, the basis for the provision of social services is the Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 12, 1993, which establishes the right of citizens to work, health, education, housing and other social rights.

Let's consider the largest federal laws in the field of social services:

Federal Law “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation” dated December 28, 2013. The federal law lays the foundations of the social service system in the country, establishing the principles of social services, defining the powers of federal and regional government bodies in the field of social services, formulating the basic concepts of social services, highlighting the rights of recipients and providers of social services, establishing the forms of social services and their functions and etc.

Note 3

It should be noted that this federal law was a step towards the formation of a new social service system. In particular, it made it possible to more deeply introduce the principle of targeting in the provision of social services, and also took out of circulation the concept of types of social services, which previously were the basis for the adoption of regulations in this area and creates the opportunity for the formation of a non-state social service sector.

Federal Law “On additional guarantees for social support for orphans and children left without parental care.” The law defines the general principles of social support for this category of recipients of social services, the measures and content of social support, including social services.

1. The Federal Law “On Veterans” and “On Compulsory Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation” lays the foundation for the provision of social services to older citizens.
2. Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons of the Russian Federation”. Its norms consolidate the norms of international legislation in this area and guarantee decent living conditions for people with disabilities. As part of this, the “Accessible Environment” project was developed, the goal of which is to create conditions and infrastructure for people with disabilities to freely realize their capabilities.
3. Federal Law “On the fundamentals of the system for preventing neglect and juvenile delinquency.” This law determines the procedure for the activities of organizations in the neglect prevention system, the rules for proceedings in cases of minors placed in special educational institutions and temporary detention centers.
4. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On approval of an approximate list of social services by type of social services." In accordance with the Decree, a list of social services provided by social service organizations is determined

Social service standards are of great importance in the legal framework. Currently, the Russian Federation has developed GOST standards for social services for all categories of recipients of social services at the federal and national levels.

Note 4

The norms of the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation” secure the ability of constituent entities of the Russian Federation to independently adopt regulations in the field of social services for the population in the territory of the subject in accordance with the current federal legislation.

Regional and other legal basis for social services

Thus, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation adopt laws on social services on their territory, specifying the list of services in their region, the list of providers of social services, the procedure for providing social services and tariffs for social services, in the case when they are provided on a reimbursable basis. As an example, let us cite the Law of the Stavropol Territory “On approval of the list of social services provided by social service providers of the Stavropol Territory”.

Also, municipal authorities and institutions may issue decrees and regulations regulating the work of social service organizations.

The most common providers of social services are state budgetary institutions - comprehensive social service centers. As part of their activities, they adopt the Charter, regulations on the activities of various departments in the comprehensive center and lists of documents for the provision of a particular service, as well as contracts of various types.