Take time off from work for family reasons. Find good reasons to leave work early

Sometimes, due to some life circumstances, an employee needs temporarily leave the workplace on certain days. Then the boss is provided with an application for time off, which indicates the reasons for the absence.

A list of valid reasons is contained in Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Most often, the head of the organization independently decides the question of whether to give time off or not.

Time off is rest, which is given to an employee for working on weekends and non-working holidays.

Most often, managers are critical of employee absences. But sometimes circumstances don’t turn out very well, and the employee needs to leave work for a while.

The hardest time is for those people who often ask for time off, coming up with constant excuses. This is starting to irritate the bosses. It is considered normal to take time off from work no more than 3 times a month.

It is best to notify your boss of your request in advance, a week in advance or, for example, in the evening. This is necessary so that the manager has time to resolve all work issues and entrust the work to other people.

Try to specifically explain the reason, but without unnecessary details. It is worth leaving your phone number or email address for contact in case of critical situations at work.

It is important to know that all sorts of methods work if this happens rarely. It’s better to provide a compelling story that has happened to many people, including your boss.

You can take time off for your account. Then missed days will not be paid. There are no grounds required for temporary resignation from work. Documents are provided only for paid days. Must be provided following:

1. Sick leave.
2. Certificate confirming donation.
3. Summons to court or military registration and enlistment office.
4. A certificate from the registry office proving the registration of marriage on the day of leave.

The employer may provide compensation for overtime.

Medical indications

Medical reasons to leave the workplace include:

1. The need to visit a doctor in case of illness of an employee or his young child. Also, a girl can leave due to an examination at a antenatal clinic (for example, in case of pregnancy) or to undergo a medical examination at her own request. The employer may require a medical certificate as proof of an additional day off.
2. Donation. According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, this reason is the basis for a two-day paid pass. You must provide a document from a doctor confirming blood donation at the hospital department.

If an employee did not notify the organization in advance about donation on a specific day and the next day began performing work duties under difficult conditions, this is violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation by the organization.

If a person becomes a donor several times a year, then he can take time off on all days of donating blood.

But there are cases when the management of an organization does not release an employee from work who regularly takes time off for this reason, but only in cases where blood is needed by a sick family member or in the presence of a rare group.

According to Art. 128 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employee, at his request, may be provided with unpaid leave if there are good reasons. Labor Code of the Russian Federation the period of such leave has not been established. This means that an employee can take leave for any period of time, even for a couple of days.

It is not the employer’s responsibility to provide leave, but only its right. The management of the enterprise may refuse if it considers that the reason is not good enough.

Family circumstances include:

1. Birth of a child (provided up to 5 working days).
2. Marriage registration (according to Article 128 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation - up to 5 working days). Days off can be given at your choice during the marriage period, before the date of marriage registration, or after the wedding celebration.
3. Death of a family member or close relative (up to 5 working days, has the right to extend up to 2 weeks).
4. The occurrence of domestic emergencies (pipe burst, fire, gas leak, etc.). The boss should provide a certificate from the rescue service or management company specifically dealing with this issue.
5. A relative's anniversary.
6. Event in schools and preschool institutions.
7. Meeting close relatives from a long journey.
8. Other circumstances.

Sample and rules for filling out an application

The application can be submitted in advance or on the day of departure (there is a good reason). The best option would be to inform your boss about the request in advance. In this case, there will be more confidence that management will not refuse.

If there is no statement, the employer counts absenteeism, and this direct violation of labor regulations entailing disciplinary liability. If there are regular absences, the employee may be fired.

The only requirement for completing the application is official style. Even if you only verbally ask for time off from work, writing a statement is still necessary for reporting purposes. When you return to work, it is destroyed.

The application is written in free form. Required content:

1. Name of company.
2. Information about the manual.
3. Employee data.

The document usually indicates the reasons for the leave. But this is not a mandatory requirement. In case of the birth of a child, death of a close relative, registration of marriage and other circumstances, time off is provided by law.

An application for leave has standard view. Writing it is not particularly difficult.

1. In the upper right corner of the sheet information about the addressee is written: position of the head, name of the enterprise indicating the organizational and legal form (OJSC, CJSC, ALC, individual entrepreneur and others), full name of the director.
2. Next, indicate information about the employee (position, name of activity, full name).
3. City, area where the organization is located.
4. Date of writing the application.
5. Title of the document.
6. The main part of the statement. The period for which the day off is planned, the reason. If you need to leave work urgently, it is important to indicate this.
7. Signature with transcript.

General Director of CJSC "Ural-Logistic"

Solovyov A.I.

From a specialist in financial and economic security

Uvarova I.N.

Vologda

04.05.2017.

Statement

Please give me a day off from 05/06/2017 to 05/07/2017 due to my daughter’s graduation.

Specialist in financial and economic activities

signature Uvarov I.N.

If additional documents are attached to the application (certificate, doctor’s report, etc.), they must be indicated in the text.

Nuances when making an application:

1. It is possible to register in two copies - one from the employee and the other from the employer.
2. Appeal to management based on the standards and concepts of subordination established in the organization.

Other details can be clarified with the HR department if necessary.

How to ask for time off if your boss is against it

In many organizations, management does not always consider the reasons for temporarily leaving work to be reliable. Sometimes an employee does not actually tell the real reason because he believes that he will definitely be refused.

It turns out that the employer thinks that he is being lied to, and the employee that he will not be given time off. It turns out to be a paradox. In this case, there are several legal reasons to leave your job.

Sometimes it is impossible to ask for time off for objective reasons, for example, if the employee is a resuscitator or a duty officer at the fire department or the Ministry of Emergency Situations. It is impossible to leave work temporarily due to the specifics of the profession.

The easiest and safest way is donation. Management cannot deny you time off. The employee receives two days off as provided for by the federal law of the Russian Federation - on the day of blood donation and the next day.

Quit work at your own expense provided on the basis of family, personal and other circumstances. But this is not the responsibility of the employer, but only a subject of agreement between the parties.

Time off for these purposes not paid. The employee loses part of his salary for the number of days missed. The money is calculated for the month in which the leave was taken, i.e. salary will be reduced depending on how much time off is taken.

Example:

A bank branch consultant manager receives a salary of 30,000 rubles. The number of working days established by the employment contract is 20. Average daily earnings are 1,500 rubles.

The employee took 4 days off for personal reasons at his own expense. Then the following will be deducted from his salary: 1500 * 4 = 6000 rubles. At the end of the month, he will receive the amount including income tax (30,000 - 6,000) * 13% = 20,880 rubles.

Sick leave care. It occurs when the employee himself or his minor child is really seriously ill. The employer is obliged to provide days off.

You should not buy sick leave. This is a direct violation of the law, which will result in criminal liability.

The organization may provide additional days off for:

1. Fulfillment of work duties assigned to the employee in a given month.
2. Overtime work. When you can be involved in overtime work: if there is a delay in equipment at the enterprise, an employee does not have time to fully complete his work properly, a technical malfunction, or the absence of one of the employees.
3. Participation in creative events, trainings, community cleanups, etc.
4. Replacement of one of the employees.
5. Promoting new ideas that contribute to the development of the organization, improvement of work, and team cohesion.

Employees cannot be required to work overtime as usual. This is punishable by law. Within a two-day period he may be brought to work for no more than 4 hours. The number of additional hours per year should not exceed 120.

1. WWII veterans.
2. Disabled people.
3. Family members of military personnel and law enforcement officers who died in the line of duty.
4. Pensioners by age.
5. Parents of children under 15 years of age.
6. Residents of the Far North with a child under 15 years of age.
7. Citizens working multiple jobs.
8. Students working part-time during their studies.

There are other legal grounds for taking time off, prescribed in Art. and Labor Code of the Russian Federation. But remember: even any legal method does not guarantee an adequate reaction from the boss. It is best when the leadership of the organization meets halfway.

Professional advice on this issue is presented below.

The Village, with the help of experts, continues to find answers to operational questions. This time we learned about the best way to ask your boss for time off if you need to resolve a personal issue during working hours.

Albert Mitsevich

Head of Human Resources Department at MFC "Chestnoe Slovo"

With a standard work schedule - five days a week from morning to evening - some personal matters simply cannot be resolved outside of working hours: visits to official authorities, visits to the doctor, parent-teacher meetings at school cannot be postponed until the weekend. The need to leave work periodically arises for every employee; this is a normal everyday situation.

But you shouldn’t leave your workplace without permission, hoping that your boss won’t notice your absence. In order not to spoil your reputation and not provoke conflicts, explain to your boss why you need to leave right now. Your boss is a person just like you, with similar needs. Tell the truth without trying to sugarcoat the situation, and you are more likely to get his support. At the same time, it is important not to turn rare departures into a system so that work discipline does not suffer. Then you won't have any problems.

If the volume of your workload does not allow you to safely leave for personal matters, offer your boss to work out your absence on weekends or stay after the end of the working day. An alternative option may be to work from home if you need to look after a sick relative or supervise the work of a plumber. Remember that the manager is responsible for the results of his department, so offer a solution to the problem that is acceptable to both you and the company.

By showing responsibility and a desire to compensate for your absence from the workplace with good results, you will not look like a slacker and will maintain good relations with your superiors.

Irina Baeva

Managing Director of Regus in Russia

If an employee needs to leave work for personal reasons, you should not confront the manager with the phrase “I need to leave.” It is advisable to talk to your employer in advance about the need to take time off from work. If such a need arises regularly, it is worth discussing with the employer the possibility of a flexible schedule, provided that work efficiency is maintained. It is quite common practice for an employee to work outside the office one or two days a week. The arguments can be supported by numbers: 43% of office workers believe that the vacancy offered to them should include the opportunity to work outside the office. These are the results of the Regus study, in which more than 600 office workers in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg took part. Representatives of many professions can work outside their office no less effectively than while at their main workplace.

Explain to the employer that if you leave the office during working hours, you will definitely do the work at another time: working at home or staying late at work on other days. Make sure your manager knows what you've achieved while working remotely. You shouldn’t hide from your employer that you highly appreciate his willingness to accommodate you in terms of a flexible schedule or the opportunity to work outside the office for some time. Much depends on the corporate culture in each specific company, but the general rule is this: if the manager is confident that the employee is responsible for the assigned tasks and that the work will not suffer due to his personal affairs, it will be much easier for him to agree on such a request.

Maxim Sundalov

Head of the online English school EnglishDom

Don’t be afraid to ask for time off, because unforeseen situations can happen to anyone, and the manager must understand this. To make the reason to leave early convincing in his eyes, before the conversation, put yourself in the boss’s shoes. He is responsible for ensuring that the company operates efficiently and without interruptions, and makes a profit, through which employees are paid. Therefore, it is better to prepare in advance and do everything so that your unplanned absence does not harm your work. Ideally, complete some of your tasks in advance.

And the conversation itself should also be done in advance. After all, if you didn’t show up and called after the start of the working day to say that you won’t be there today because you need to fill out some documents, this is not only a sign of disrespect, but also an unpleasant surprise for colleagues who will have to carry out your tasks. If you ask for time off a few days in advance, everything can be planned in advance.

In unforeseen situations, for example, if the temperature has risen sharply or the neighbors are flooded, of course, there are no other options, all that remains is to simply warn by phone.

Be clear and direct about the reason you need to leave. I believe that it is better to always tell the truth and not invent non-existent diseases. This way you can lose trust, because sooner or later the secret becomes clear. It is advisable to not only do some of the work, but also plan when you can complete the rest. And be ready to replace colleagues who cover you in your absence. And of course, you shouldn’t abuse it and only ask for time off for a really good reason.

Olga Kuzmina

Director of the personnel company ManpowerGroup Russia & CIS

There can be many reasons for being late or taking time off, but any manager will eventually get tired of all this. The best option, which will not irritate management and colleagues on whom your business will fall, is to plan an additional day off in advance. This can be done by claiming the day as paid vacation or vacation at your own expense. Is it possible to plan ahead? Yes, it is partially possible to predict the days on which you need to be away from work. For example, if you want to go to a holiday party with your child on September 1 or you need to help organize your mother’s anniversary, then it is better to arrange such predictable days not on the last day. Some employees expect that if they ask for time off the day before, they will be allowed to be absent and will be counted as a working day. And this raises doubts. After all, even if you have such a good relationship with your manager that he lets you go, he himself may have problems submitting a report card with your hours of work if your early departure or absence was noticed by the HR department.

It may happen that a person woke up in the morning and simply did not want to go to work, called and said that he was not feeling well. If this happens once, then the manager can meet halfway and offer to stay at home. But when this is repeated quite often, regularly between the May holidays or on the working day of December 31, then, of course, this raises doubts and forms a negative attitude towards the employee, even if he then pays for these days at his own expense.

Sometimes a day is needed for a good reason, such as when someone close to you is hospitalized or dies.

Unforeseen situations happen, and everyone should understand this. If an employee does not abuse time off and tries to plan them, then even in the event of a sudden need, the manager will not mind, and there is no need to come up with any tricks for this.

The fact that you are tired or did not get enough sleep is your problem. Good employees handle all their business outside the office walls. And, for example, health problems or passing a driver’s license exam are already significant reasons.

Your boss's personal preferences also play a big role. For example, he is a big football fan. You can ask him to take time off for an important match of your team and you will probably get permission.

Briefly describe why you need to leave your job

It is better not to deceive the authorities. Even if he has no way of finding out the truth, it's still not a good idea. If the circumstance is very important, then problems, in principle, cannot arise at all. For example, your downstairs neighbors called you and said that you were flooding them. When explaining the reason, there is no need to go into detail. Let me know if you are thinking about returning to work today.

Prepare for a conversation with your boss

Think in advance about what you will say. Don’t doubt or show your own indecisiveness. Be sure to mention that your departure will not harm the work in any way. You can say that you have done all the tasks in advance or do them at home. Under no circumstances should you leave on your own and then just call. It is unlikely that the boss will consider it acceptable if someone makes decisions for him and then simply informs him.

If possible, ask for time off in advance

For example, if you know that your daughter has an important speech in three days, then tell your manager about it today. And constantly remind him of this, since such requests are often forgotten. Do all the things planned for this day in advance.

It is better to start the conversation with a brief statement of the problem

For example: “Ivan Ivanovich, my daughter has a concert in three days and I definitely need to be there.” Only then ask (rather than confront the fact) if you can leave. Be sure to say that the work will be done on time, but you really really need to leave. If the reason is really significant, you can be more persistent.

If you have been released, you should not delay leaving.

There is no need to collect things for a long time, talk with other employees or try to finish something. The manager may think that this matter is not so urgent for you if you are in no hurry to do it. Also, don’t arouse envy in your colleagues and tell them how easily you managed to “get out of work.” Firstly, the employee can tell the manager about it. Secondly, everyone else may also start asking for time off, and this obviously will not play into your hands.

V. V. Danilova

expert of the magazine “Human Resources Department of a Commercial Organization”

Most workers work five days a week for eight hours. And it’s no wonder that they physically do not have time to go to the clinic, housing office, or their child’s school - after all, the opening hours of these institutions are almost the same. I don’t really want to take a whole day off because of a parent-teacher conference; most often, employees simply ask to take time off from work. In this regard, the employer has many questions: what to do with payment for absence time, how to take it into account, whether it needs to be formalized, etc. Read the article and you will find answers to the above and some other questions.

Indeed, “asking for leave” from work is not uncommon. Mostly, employees ask to be released for a couple of hours or half a day. Sometimes, of course, they ask for more time - a day or even two.

Let us say right away that this situation is not regulated either by the Labor Code or by any other acts containing labor law norms. Therefore, the solution to the issue of registering and paying for the absence of an employee who has asked to take time off depends on various circumstances.

If an employee asks to take an hour or two off

First of all, we note that if an employee decides to leave for personal matters during the lunch break, then he does not need to take time off from work. Breaks during the working day (shift), including for rest and food, are considered rest time (Article 107 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). And according to Art. 106 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, rest time is the time during which the employee is free from performing work duties and which he can use at his own discretion. Thus, during lunch, an employee can leave work and resolve his issues without the consent of the employer.

If you need a couple of hours during working hours, you need a corresponding application from the employee addressed to the head of the organization. You will say: why multiply pieces of paper, because you can verbally inform your immediate supervisor and that’s it? We believe that an application is still required. If the manager agrees, the corresponding visa, the manager’s signature and the date are affixed on it. In this case, the employee will be sure that his absence will not be regarded as a violation of labor discipline, and the employer will know that the employee was absent. There is no need to issue an order.

For your information

Absenteeism is considered absence from the workplace without good reason during the entire working day (shift), regardless of its duration, as well as more than four hours in a row during the working day (shift).

Judicial practice also speaks about the need for an application. So, the employee was fired for absenteeism. Not agreeing, he filed a lawsuit for reinstatement, citing the fact that he took time off from work from the director. The court, examining the case materials, did not find confirmation of this fact, since the employee did not contact the employer with any written statements about the need for absence, for example, about granting leave without pay. Accordingly, the dismissal was recognized as legal (Appeal ruling of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Court dated September 19, 2016 in case No. 33-12406/2016).

Please note that absence upon application must be recorded in the time sheet, because the employer is obliged to keep accurate records of the working time worked by each employee. The period of absence is taken into account when calculating the employee’s salary.

If an employee takes time off for the whole day

There are different design options available here:

leave without pay;

annual paid vacation;

Let's consider these options.

Leave without pay

Based on Part 1 of Art. 128 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, for family reasons and other valid reasons, an employee, upon his written application, may be granted leave without pay, the duration of which is determined by agreement between the employee and the employer. As we see, the legislation does not establish either a minimum or maximum duration of such leave. This means that unpaid leave can be granted for any period that the parties to the employment contract agree on, even for one day.

As can be seen from the wording of the norm, the provision of such leave is a right, not an obligation, and if the employer considers the reason unjustified, he can deny the employee unpaid leave. At the same time, you need to remember that there are categories of employees to whom the employer does not have the right to refuse this. In particular, based on a written application, the employer is obliged to provide the following leave:

for working old-age pensioners (by age) – up to 14 calendar days per year;

for working disabled people – up to 60 calendar days per year;

employees in cases of the birth of a child, marriage registration, death of close relatives - up to 5 calendar days;

in other cases provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, other federal laws or a collective agreement.

If an employee, without waiting for approval of unpaid leave for one day, does not go to work, and the employer refuses to provide such leave, absence from work may be regarded as absenteeism (appeal rulings of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Court dated September 19, 2016 in case No. 33-12406/
2016, Rostov Regional Court dated 08/15/2016 in case No. 33‑
14008/2016, etc.).

So, such a vacation is arranged as follows:

1. The employee writes a statement addressed to the head of the organization, indicating the date of leave and the reasons why it is required. If the application is written for several hours, you need to indicate specific hours.

2. The manager marks the application with a visa “Agreed” or “I do not object”, and in case of refusal to grant leave - “Refuse”.

3. If the head of the company agrees:

– an order is issued to grant leave without pay (the employee must be familiarized with such an order and signed);

– a personal card is filled out (form T-2) – it is necessary to keep records of the number of days of unpaid leave, since the length of service for the provision of annual paid leave depends on this;

– fill out a work time sheet.

The question of payment for the day for which the employee is granted unpaid leave disappears by itself, since everything is clear from the name of the latter.

Annual paid vacation

Each employee is guaranteed annual paid leave, which is provided in accordance with the vacation schedule, mandatory for both employees and employers (Article 123 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

note

The vacation schedule is approved no later than two weeks before the new year, taking into account the opinion of the elected body of the primary trade union organization.

At the same time, nothing prevents the provision of annual leave outside the schedule if the employee and the employer have agreed on this. We add that, as a general rule, vacation can be divided into parts, one of which is at least 14 calendar days (Article 125 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). But the remaining part can be used as the employee and employer agree. Therefore, providing one day of annual paid leave is completely legal.

To apply for annual leave for one day (if the employer agrees), you need to:

1. Receive a statement from the employee indicating the specific desired day.

2. Issue an order to provide annual leave.

3. Make the appropriate notes on the time sheet.

Please note that if you apply for annual paid leave for one day, difficulties may arise related to payment for the leave. In particular, according to the rule of Art. 136 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, vacation must be paid no later than three days before it starts. Moreover, this rule applies to vacation of any duration; the employee goes on vacation for a day or two weeks - it doesn’t matter.

Therefore, providing one day of annual leave is convenient if the employee knows in advance that he needs to leave on such and such a date. However, in most cases, employees ask for time off spontaneously when certain circumstances arise.

Time off

Despite the fact that the Labor Code does not define the concept of “time off,” according to established practice, time off is considered rest provided as compensation for work or duty during non-working hours. Time off should not be confused with leave without pay, since it is not provided as compensation for something, but for personal reasons that employees have or by force of law.

Labor legislation provides for several cases when an employer must provide an employee with a day off for working outside of working hours. (We present them in the form of a diagram on page .)

The procedure for applying for time off is as follows: the employee writes an application requesting a day of rest indicating the reasons, for example, for overtime work or working on a day off. (Donors must attach a certificate to the application confirming the fact of donating blood.) Based on such an application, an order is issued, which must be familiarized to the employee against signature.

Of course, you need to make notes on your timesheet:

– additional days off without pay are indicated by the letter code “НВ” or the numeric “28”;

– day of rest for donor employees – letter code “OV” or numeric “27” (additional paid day off).

If an employee systematically asks for time off

There are workers who constantly need somewhere. Such employees may be allowed to work part-time. Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation allows the introduction of this mode of work by agreement between the employee and the employer when hiring or in the course of work.

Payment for part-time work is made in proportion to the time worked or depending on the volume of work performed. Moreover, work under such conditions does not entail any restrictions on the duration of the annual basic paid leave, calculation of length of service and other labor rights.

To establish part-time working hours, you must:

1. Conclude an additional agreement to the employment contract, which specifies the specific start and end times of work, the length of the working week and the period for which part-time work is established. This document is signed by both parties to the labor relationship.

2. Issue an order to introduce part-time work for a specific employee, indicating the reasons for this decision.

Additionally, we note that the employer may propose to introduce a part-time working regime, but the employee may refuse, considering that it is more profitable for him to write applications asking for unpaid leave. In this case, part-time work cannot be established.

So, if employees occasionally take time off during working hours for personal matters, this must be documented, at least with an application with a management visa confirming permission to leave. If they ask for a day or two off, other options are possible - taking leave, paid or unpaid. If the employee periodically requests time off, for example, every Tuesday and Friday for a certain number of hours, it may be worth considering introducing a part-time working regime for him.

Sometimes life has such a way that problems or emergencies await us anywhere and everywhere. Often, even the most obvious workaholics are forced to leave work early or even ask for time off. There may be good reasons for this, or there may not be any at all. The main thing is to correctly state the reason for your absence from work.

How to take time off from work

In this matter, the most important thing is to name a valid reason for your absence from work. Please note that lack of strength after a long feast is not considered a valid reason. A preliminary request for time off is considered ideal, that is, you must notify your superiors in advance that you will not be able to go to work on any day. In this case, the boss will have time to find a worthy replacement who will flawlessly fulfill your duties.

How to take time off from work - good reasons

• Family ties. You can come up with any event related to your close relatives, for example, a wedding, anniversary, graduation, matinee, as well as a wake. Having given such a reason, the human factor will play, and the boss will literally be forced to let you go from work.
• Home problems. Here you can give freedom to your imagination, because without your knowledge anything can happen at home. A pipe may burst, the apartment key or lock may break, and the neighbors may flood.
• Broken car. A car can come to the rescue if you don’t know what reason to come up with to skip work. You can say that on the way to work you got a flat tire, or your car stalled and won’t start. The ideal option for taking time off would be a stolen car. In this case, for the authorities, you will spend the whole day at the police station.
• Housing and communal services. Water utility, gas service, mechanic and others. All of these companies will help you officially show up to work several hours late or not show up at all.
• Airports and train stations. In this situation, we can say that on a certain day a distant relative should come to you, who must be met and escorted home.
• Donation. This option provides full-time leave. The main thing is to name the reason why you really need to donate blood on this day.
• Acute pain. You can simulate acute pain that requires an urgent visit to the doctor's office. The downside of this reason is that the boss may ask you to bring a doctor’s report on your state of health.

Each of the above reasons can come to the rescue if you simply need to ask for time off. The main thing in this matter is confidence. Rehearse before talking to your boss. You must state the reason for your absence from work clearly and confidently so that your superiors do not have a single thought about deception on your part.