Painting with polyvinyl acetate water-based compositions improved ceilings. How to choose water-based polyvinyl acetate paints? What it is

- a universal solution for indoor and outdoor use. PVA paints are very popular, because they can finish both residential and industrial premises. Such paints fit perfectly on almost any surface. They will help you to realize any design ideas.

Characteristics, types and applications of PVA paints.

If we discard all scientific terms and designations, then polyvinyl acetate water-based paint is a common oil-in-water emulsion. The main components of this paint and varnish material:

• Emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate;
• colorful pigments;
• plasticizers;
• Stabilizers.

In principle, the action of such paints is their main advantage. After the paint is applied to the surface, the water that is part of the emulsion begins to evaporate. As a result, there is a reliable hardening of the binding elements, which, in turn, forms a reliable waterproof layer. Such paint dries within 2-3 hours at a temperature of 18-22 degrees Celsius. As a result of finishing work, a wonderful, semi-matt layer of paint is obtained.

Application area polyvinyl acetate water-based paints huge. They are used for interior and exterior work in residential, industrial and commercial premises. In general, such paints will fit in the country. PVA paints can be applied to concrete surfaces, wood, as well as those that were previously covered with oil paints or plaster.

Advantages of PVA paints.

In general, the quality of these paints depends on the amount of polymer binder that is in the basis of the paints. However, there is a standard list of advantages of polyvinyl acetate water-based paint:

• Paints can be easily diluted with water, and then easily applied to the desired surface;
• PVA paints are environmentally friendly and safe, do not contain toxic substances; PVA paints have heat-resistant properties that are very useful in fire hazardous situations;
• As mentioned above, such paints have excellent resistance to high humidity;
• With abundant exposure to ultraviolet light, they do not lose their appearance for a long time;
• Polyvinyl acetate water-based paints interact well with .

This list presents only a part of the advantages of such paints, which are considered basic. Different types of PVA paints have other advantages that will be useful when decorating different rooms.

When starting repairs, many are faced with the problem of choosing the right paint, with which it will be possible to embody any design ideas. It must be durable, high quality and safe. All of these requirements are fully met by polyvinyl acetate paints related to the so-called water-dispersion paint materials. The popularity of these paints is due to their unique composition, which combines environmental friendliness, attractive appearance and fire resistance.

Characteristics, types and scope

In fact, polyvinyl acetate paints are an oil-in-water emulsion. The main components of the material are:

• emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate;
• colorful pigments;
• plasticizers;
• stabilizers.

Water-dispersion (or dispersion) and emulsion (water-based) paints are almost identical. The principle of their operation is as follows: after application to the treated surface, the water that is part of the emulsion evaporates, as a result of which the binder components harden and acquire water-resistant qualities. It takes 2-3 hours to dry the paint at a temperature of 18 to 22 degrees, after which a beautiful semi-matt porous film is formed.

The scope of polyvinyl acetate paints is quite wide: they are used for both external and internal work in residential, industrial, commercial buildings. PVA paints perfectly fit on concrete, wood, gypsum, as well as surfaces painted with oil paint, plaster. Polyvinyl acetate paints are not suitable for painting surfaces treated with alum, vitriol or alumina primers.

Differences between PVA water-based and dispersion paint

Although basically these varieties of polyvinyl acetate paints have the same properties, there are some differences between them.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint has found wide application in interior decorating. It has several distinct advantages:

• there are no solvents in the composition of the paint;
• it is practically odorless;
• the substance has excellent adhesion to the treated surface;
• the paint dissolves easily in water;
• as it dries, it forms an elastic coating on the surface.

Water-based paints are recommended for painting concrete and plasterboard surfaces. With the help of white polyvinyl acetate paint (as a base) and the addition of tinting pastes, almost any desired shade can be achieved. This type of paint is used for painting ceilings and walls in dry rooms. Use in conditions of high humidity is impractical, since the material is unstable to moisture. Apply a double or triple coat of paint.

At a cost, water-based PVA paints are quite affordable.

Water-dispersion polyvinyl acetate paints are a more modern version of water-based paint materials. On their basis, new types of finishing materials are being developed. A distinctive feature of this substance is the addition of an acrylic-based polymer. It performs the functions of a connecting component. Thanks to acrylic, it is possible to achieve a significant increase in the performance of the paint. The main advantages of water-soluble acrylic paints are:

• high level of resistance to the effects of adverse environmental factors;
• increased water resistance;
• the ability to form a layer of "breathable" coating, breathable and impervious to moisture;
• the hydrophobic qualities of the paint make it possible to use it in rooms with a high level of humidity: bathroom, kitchen.

Using various additives, you can get a shiny, matte or semi-matte surface.

Advantages and disadvantages

The qualities of PVA can vary to a certain extent depending on the amount and type of polymer binder, but in general they all have the following positive properties:

• easy to apply, diluted with water;
• devoid of toxic ingredients and odor;
• cover small cracks - up to 1 mm;
• fireproof;
• moisture resistant (does not apply to all types);
• have strength and elasticity;
• do not deteriorate under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and atmospheric phenomena;
• wear-resistant;
• easily tinted to the desired color shade;
• vapor-permeable, thanks to which the processed room will be protected from mold and fungus;
• have high adhesion;
• not affected by alkali;
• durable;
• do not change color;
• dry quickly.

The main disadvantages of PVA paints can be considered:

• the possibility of storing the substance and carrying out painting work at temperatures above 5 degrees - a lower temperature background leads to the loss of some quality characteristics and uneven distribution of paint;
• for outdoor painting and when working in wet rooms, only expensive water-dispersion paints with verstat and acrylate binders are suitable;
• significant price of new PVA paints (due to their complex composition);
• before applying paint to a wooden surface, it must be carefully prepared: apply one layer, wait until it dries completely, sand thoroughly, apply a second layer, and sand again. All these measures are necessary due to the increased surface tension of the layer of such paints.

GOST, prices and release form

The production of polyvinyl acetate paints is carried out in accordance with GOST 28196-89. The law of the Russian Federation allows voluntary certification of paints for compliance with GOST. The product is produced in special containers, which certainly indicate the consumption of paint, composition, method of preparation. The average price per 1 kg may vary depending on the region, but with proper quality, it cannot be lower than 1 dollar.

If you are going to carry out repairs in an apartment or a country house, you should always pay attention to the quality of the products that will be used. All materials must be of high quality, be safe, and also serve for a long time. Under these three parameters, polyvinyl acetate paints with a water-based base are ideal.

Peculiarities

Such paints and varnishes are extremely popular due to:

• a rich choice of colors;
• High Quality;
• affordable price;
• the ability to choose between a matte surface and gloss;
• all firms follow a certain GOST-28196 89, which allows drawing conclusions about quality.

PVA is a specific composition, which includes:

• emulsion;
• paint pigments;
• stabilizers;
• plasticizers.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint is sold in two versions:

• In one package. This is a finished product, you can work with it right away. The main condition for storage is the tightness of the packaging, as well as the absence of sub-zero temperatures.
• In two packages. Sold as a semi-finished product and consists of two components that are in different packages. One contains the paint itself in the form of a paste, and the second package contains a plasticizer. Before starting work, both components must be mixed in one container, and after that you can start working.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages include the following qualities belonging to polyvinyl acetate paints:

• ease of use during application;
• the ability to use water as a solvent;
• the ability to seal very small cracks;
• after drying, an elastic layer is formed;
• does not fade;
• it is possible to quickly change the shade with the help of colors;
• does not wrinkle under mechanical stress;
• has high vapor permeability;
• protected from fungus and mold;
• these paints dry quickly;
• resistant to alkalis;
• they have high adhesion;
• non-toxic;
• do not have a strong chemical smell;
• resistant to sunlight and ultraviolet;
• great for flat and smooth surfaces;
• fireproof;
• have an affordable price.

There are also disadvantages:

• lose their properties at low temperatures;
• not stored indoors or outdoors at temperatures below 50 degrees;
• to work in rooms with high humidity, only expensive types of paints are needed, for example, improved mixtures with the addition of acrylic or silicone resins;
• complex composition and color brightness affect the price;
• to hide stains, it is necessary to apply paint in two or three layers;
• may not be used on all surfaces.

Varieties

Polyvinyl acetate paints are divided into two types:

• water dispersion;
• water-based.

There is almost no difference between these two types of paint. The principle of operation of such a mixture is very simple: when paint is applied, the water that is part of it begins to evaporate from it. Because of this, all components harden and acquire their qualitative properties. For example, at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, the coloring mixture will dry for 3 hours.

When completely dry, you can see a matte film in the place where the paint was applied.

Specifications

The main characteristics include:

• consumption is 200 ml per square meter of surface;
• the composition includes latex, thickeners and fillers;
• paint viscosity;
• density - 1.5 kg / l.

Also, the main characteristic of this material can be attributed to the fact that drying occurs very quickly even at room temperature.

The packaging most often indicates the fixation time at high values ​​​​(from +100 to +200 degrees) and 65% humidity. This is written in the instructions on the package.

Scope of application

As a rule, such paints are used only for indoor use. They are perfect for:

• wooden surfaces;
• concrete base;
• brick walls;
• drywall walls;
• plaster;
• glass.

Polyvinyl acetate paint does not adhere to many types of primers, such as vitriol or alumina. Also, you can not combine it with metal parts.

Correct application

Correct observance of a certain order in the performance of work is the key to success. This must also be observed when painting:

• first you need to make a choice of a certain type of paintwork materials (it all depends on the conditions of application and operation);
• then preparatory work will be required: removal of dust and whitewash, alignment and elimination of cracks;
• primer;
• preparation of paintwork materials;
• applying coatings to the surface;
• when applying the second layer, it is necessary to wait for the complete drying of the first layer in order to identify non-paints and other defects.

Thus, polyvinyl acetate water-based paint does not apply to universal finishing materials. However, the scope of its work is quite wide. The price of these compounds is pleasing to the eye, given the high quality and constant compliance with GOST. Thanks to this paint, anyone can do repairs, not just a professional painter.

From the following video you will learn the secrets of the perfect preparation of the walls for painting.

Polyvinyl acetate paints (PVA) are emulsion compositions made according to the "oil in water" principle. Such paints are widely used for painting interior surfaces in residential and industrial buildings.

PVA paints and varnishes can be purchased in one of two varieties:

1. One-pack composition, which is a completely ready-to-use paint. It is stored and transported in hermetically sealed containers at positive temperatures.
2. Double pack. It is a semi-finished product, which includes paint in the form of a paste, as well as a plasticizer. The composition is prepared by mixing immediately before use.

Advantages and disadvantages of PVA compounds

The advantages of polyvinyl acetate paints include the following:

• applicability even to highly porous materials (some types of wood, plaster, cardboard);
• high drying rate;
• simple preparation of the composition and simple application to the surface;
• high explosion and fire safety;
• no unpleasant odors, since PVA contains no solvents;
• non-toxic paintwork material;
• the existence of additives, despite the limited color palette, due to which it is possible to obtain a matte or glossy surface;
• competitive prices for products;
• an excellent option for other smooth surfaces (due to high adhesive ability);
• the possibility of using for re-staining after surface treatment with oil paints;
• water solubility;
• resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
• ability to resist fungus and mold;
• elasticity of the resulting coating.

The PVA composition also has a number of disadvantages:

1. Minor color palette.
2. The instability of PVA to low temperatures during painting, since, according to the recommendations of the manufacturers, the minimum air temperature should be 6 degrees above zero (the paint freezes at temperatures below zero).
3. Not any paint is suitable for interior finishing work, but only containing acrylate and verstat components.
4. There is a tendency to increase the cost of PVA paints, as manufacturers often add more and more new components to the compositions.
5. Painting with polyvinyl acetate water-based compositions is carried out only after the preparation of the rough layer, since PVA gives a high surface tension (objects must be cleaned several times and then polished).
6. The paintwork material is unstable to high humidity, therefore it is rarely used for painting the exterior parts of buildings (the problem is partially solved by adding an acrylic component to the composition).
7. PVA cannot be applied to chalk whitewash, alumina, alum and vitriol primer materials.

The composition and characteristics of the paint

The cost of PVA paints is low, since they do not contain complex components. Polyvinyl acetate compositions include the following components:

1. Aqueous emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate. It is a creamy solution. Since the emulsion contains water, do not forget about the freezing point - zero degrees Celsius. Unplasticized emulsion is able to withstand no more than 3-4 cycles of complete freezing.
2. Pigmenting substances, due to which the paint conveys the color of the surface.
3. Stabilizers are components that improve certain performance characteristics of a paintwork material.
4. Plasticizers are components that regulate the physical and mechanical qualities of the paint, and also contribute to the formation of a film.

As mentioned above, PVA paints are fast drying.

Water-based compositions dry for about 2-3 hours, provided that the air temperature is 17-23 degrees above zero.

The reason for the rapid hardening is that the emulsion contains up to 40% water, which evaporates easily after application to the surface. Also, the composition of the emulsion includes up to 60% of resins and pigmenting substances. If there is a need to reduce the viscosity of the composition, water is added to it, and vice versa.

In the process of evaporation, resin particles (their size ranges from 1 to 4 microns) first approach each other, creating a dense ring around the pigments, and then merge with them. The result is a dense mass formed from pigments and resin. The mass has very small pores through which water evaporates. After dyeing, the water eventually evaporates and the plasticizers harden and become hydrophobic.

After drying, the film decreases in size - up to approximately 60% of the original volume. Since the surface of the film has many pores, it acquires a slightly matte, silky sheen. Thanks to this, excellent decorative qualities are transmitted to the painted surface. In many cases, subject to the staining technology, it is quite possible to replace oil matte coatings with polyvinyl acetate paint.

Suitable colors can be attached to polyvinyl acetate paints. Colorants must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

In order for the paint to acquire moisture-proof properties, an acrylic component is added to the water-dispersion polyvinyl acetate compositions. This polymer gives the coloring material the following characteristics:

1. The surface begins to "breathe", passing air, but not moisture.
2. The hydrophobicity of the surface increases.
3. Increases the ability to resist aggressive environmental influences.

Thanks to the use of acrylic polymers, improved PVA paints can be used for application on exterior facades, as well as for surface treatment in wet areas (for example, kitchen, bathroom). Special additives are used to give the coatings shine or dullness.

Applying paint to the surface

Painting with polyvinyl acetate water-based compositions is carried out in a certain sequence:

1. We choose the most suitable paintwork material for the existing conditions.
2. We carry out a set of preparatory measures before painting the surface: remove dirt and dust, close up all defects (seams, cracks, bumps, etc.), remove whitewash (if any). To save on paint and improve adhesion, it is recommended to prime the surface.
3. Stir the PVA paint well, removing the previously dried lumps from the container. We dilute the water-based mass.
4. We apply the paint with a brush, roller or with a spray gun.
5. We wait for the first layer to dry and apply the next layer. If necessary, the procedure is repeated a third time.

GOST, prices and release form

PVA paints are produced in accordance with the rules prescribed in GOST 28196-89. At the same time, it is worth noting that the certification of paints for compliance with GOST is at the discretion of the manufacturing company. On the packaging with paint, the consumption rate, components, as well as the method of creating the solution are indicated.

The price per kilogram of paint can vary greatly depending on the popularity of the brand and additives. The remoteness of the region also affects the cost.

However, it is believed that high-quality PVA paint in any case cannot cost less than the ruble equivalent of a dollar per liter.

Despite the obvious disadvantages listed above, polyvinyl acetate paints and varnishes are in high demand. High drying speed, compatibility with various types of materials, as well as affordable prices ensure PVA paints continue to be popular among consumers.

If you are looking for paints for indoor and outdoor use, pay attention to PVA paints, which are designed for finishing residential and industrial buildings. Today, the country's enterprises are ready to offer consumers these products in 18 color shades, which form matte and glossy surfaces.

In the first case, polyvinyl acetate water-based paint is often used for interior decoration in accordance with GOST 28196 89.

Water-dispersion polyvinyl acetate paints can be of two types:

• single-packed - ready-made formulations that are stored and transported only in tightly closed containers and at a positive temperature;
• two-pack is a semi-finished product consisting of a colorful paste and a plasticizer. They are mixed together before use, according to the instructions.

Pros and cons of the material

Below we consider the characteristics of polyvinyl acetate paint, based on its advantages and disadvantages.

We will find out where it can be applied, and where it should not be done, and for what reasons.

• can be used for rooms on materials that have a porous structure, in particular, wood, plaster, cardboard;
• dries quickly;

Among the shortcomings of the product should be noted:

• not used for metal surfaces;
• not resistant to moisture, which is why it is not used for processing building facades;
• not applied to chalk whitewash, as well as surfaces coated with alumina, vitriol or alum primers; (See also the article.)
• weak resistance, so the instruction recommends using compositions without an acrylic component only in dry rooms.

What it is

PVA-based paints are an oil-in-water emulsion, they consist of the following components:

1. Polyvinyl acetate emulsion, which is the main component for the manufacture of PVA glue. It resembles a homogeneous thick white liquid. The plasticized emulsion freezes at a temperature of 0˚С, the non-plasticized emulsion is able to withstand 4 cycles of freezing and thawing.
2. colorful pigments
3. Stabilizers
4. plasticizers.

In fact, water-dispersion and water-based paints are almost the same material. After applying them to the surface with your own hands, the water that is part of the emulsion evaporates, the components harden and become hydrophobic.

The drying period of the material is 2-3 hours at a temperature of 18-22˚С. After that, a beautiful porous semi-gloss film forms on the surface.

The cost of this finishing material is relatively cheap, but its disadvantage should be taken into account - the fear of moisture. Only in dry rooms is it possible to obtain a surface of the required quality.

Tip: to get a color shade, mix white PVA paint with the desired tinting paste.
Apply at least 2 layers to the surface to obtain the desired effect.

Acrylic water-dispersion paints

To obtain new finishing materials, they began to add acrylic polymer to water-dispersion PVA paints. As a result, it became possible to improve their performance.

Let's look at them:

• the coating has become "breathable", i.e. permeable to air, but impervious to moisture;
• the material has become better able to resist the aggressive actions of the external environment;
• increased hydrophobicity of the surface.

Technical characteristics of polyvinyl acetate water-based paint with an acrylic component made it possible to use them for painting ceilings and walls in wet areas, including kitchens and bathrooms. When using additives, it is possible to obtain a shiny, medium-matte and matte surface.

Tip: if you need to protect the metal legs of the tub, pipes and other metal objects in the bathroom, Zinga conductive paint will help you.

Output

The use of water-dispersion paints based on PVA indoors makes it possible not to violate its environmental component. The material does not use harmful solvents with a pungent odor, in addition, it does not form an air-tight film, allowing it to “breathe”.

Coloring occurs easily and freely due to good adhesion of the paint to the surfaces. The video in this article will help you find additional information on this topic.