How to fill out a cash flow statement: line example

One of the most interesting forms of reporting is a report on the movement of funds of an organization. The preparation of this report in accordance with Russian accounting standards has many nuances. We will consider them in this article and give an example of how to fill out a cash flow statement line by line.

Form 4 Cash flow statement: how to fill out

The statement of the movement of funds is a part of the financial statements, an appendix to the balance sheet and the report on financial results (clause 5 of PBU 4/99). In fact - a decryption of line 1250 Cash and cash equivalents of the balance sheet (Form 1). Gives an idea of ​​the cash flow for a certain period.

How to fill in the Cash Flow Statement line by line Example

The traffic report is submitted in accordance with Form 4, approved by by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 02.07.2010 No. 66n... An important change in the new form: by order of the Ministry of Finance dated 06.04.2015 No. 57n, the signature of the chief accountant was excluded from the form - from the reporting for 2016, only the signature of the head of the organization became mandatory. The rest of the form has not changed.

The need for Form 4 is due to the fact that the receipt and expenditure of funds usually do not coincide in time with the occurrence of the obligation. In the realities of a market economy, for the founders one of the indicators of the effectiveness of the hired management and a sign of the stability of the organization is a positive balance of cash flows over several years.

Organizations using a simplified accounting system may not submit a movement report if the information is not required to assess the financial situation (subparagraph b, item 6 of the order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 02.07.2010 No. 66n, paragraph 17 of the Information of the Ministry of Finance of Russia No. PZ-3/2015 ). Also, such organizations can present the report in a truncated version. Then only the most important information will be presented in it.

In accordance with the current legislation, the cash flow statement (Form 4) as part of the annual reporting, except for users (founders and shareholders, buyers and suppliers, creditors and investors, etc.), must be submitted:

• to the tax office (clause 44 of PBU 4/99; clause 5 of clause 1 of article 23 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
• in statistics (clause 44 of PBU 4/99, clause 2 of the Procedure for submitting a mandatory copy of financial statements, approved by order of Rosstat No. 220 dated March 31, 2014).

In the order of the Ministry of Finance No. 66, separately in Appendix 2, the form of the cash flow statement is given, and in Appendix 4 - the line codes for this form for submission to Rosstat and other executive bodies. Line numbering is optional when submitting the form to users.

A detailed procedure for determining what relates to cash flows, as well as their distribution by type of activity (current, investment and financial) is disclosed in PBU 23/2011. But it is worth paying attention to the fact that the numerical indicators that must be disclosed in the statement of the movement of funds are established by paragraph 29 of PBU 4/99. And they are not fully included in the form approved by Order No. 66n. Therefore, if your organization has received and / or paid advances for supplies, budget allocations and other earmarked funding, they must be shown on a separate line.

It is also necessary to show separately individual assets, liabilities, business transactions if they are material (clause 11 of PBU 4/99). The legislation does not limit the maximum number of indicators that can be included in the form. The main thing is that the information provided is sufficient for a correct assessment of the organization's position. But do not forget that the filling of reports and the procedure for filling it out should not change from year to year for the comparability of data.

Format for filling out a cash flow statement

The Tax Code and Rosstat Order No. 220 dated March 31, 2014 provide for the possibility of submitting annual accounting reports both on paper (in person and by mail), as well as in electronic form and through telecommunication channels (TCS).

An electronic statement of cash flows must be signed with an enhanced qualified electronic signature of the head of the organization or a trustee.

The current format in electronic form according to the general system was approved by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated December 31, 2015 No. АС-7-6 / For simplified reporting, by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated December 31, 2015 No. АС-7-6 / These formats are used both for sending to the tax office, and in statistics.

The difference is in the possibility of sending an electronic format to the tax office not only through the operator of electronic document management, but also within the framework of a pilot project through the FTS website. The procedure for submitting tax and financial statements in electronic form through the website of the Tax Service was approved by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated July 15, 2011 No. ММВ-7-6 /

Article 80 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, which indicates organizations that must submit reports to tax inspectorates in electronic form, applies only to tax declarations and calculations. Until 2013, it was also ordered to submit quarterly reports, but now this is not necessary (letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated September 20, 2012 No. 3-2-14 /).

The format for submitting annual accounting records to the tax organization is at its discretion (letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated 07.12.2015 No. SD-4-3 / 21316).

How to fill out a cash flow statement

Unlike IFRS (IAS 7), a statement of cash flows according to Russian accounting standards (PBU 23/2011) can only be drawn up directly (no indirect). This method is quite time consuming when executed manually. However, now an automated method of accounting is widespread, which greatly facilitates the preparation of a report. But in practice, full automation is very difficult, since the division into current, investment and financial activities is rather arbitrary and is not always determined by specific accounting correspondence.

To fill out the form, you must use the data of debit and credit turnovers for accounts 50 Cashier, 51 Current account, 52 Currency accounts, 55 Special accounts in banks, 57 Transfers in transit.

Let's look at how to fill out a cash flow statement using an example. Conditional facts of economic activity for 2016 of the organization in the general regime of taxation and accounting are presented in the file.

Table with data for line-by-line filling of the cash flow statement (for example)

We will not dwell on filling out the report header in detail, it is standard. But we will make one clarification: from January 1, 2018, OKVED OK 029-2001 has been canceled - it is necessary to indicate the code according to OKVED 2.

Let's move on to the tabular section of the report. Determine the amount and line number in which we will indicate the VAT:

VAT received from buyers (200 160 + 21 600 + 63 900 + 140 400) - VAT paid to suppliers (17 730 + 5000 + 100 000 + 82 373) + VAT returned from the budget (0) - VAT paid to the budget (179 643) = 41 314 rubles.

T. K. 41,314 gt; 0, then we reflect the VAT on line 4 119, otherwise it would be on line 4129.

The situation with exchange rate differences is somewhat different; in any case, they are reflected in line 4490, but also in a collapsed state.

For the rest of the lines, fill out the report by summing the indicators from the table above. Please note that the report is filled in either in thousands or in millions of rubles. But when rounding, the sums for the resulting lines may be distorted. Therefore, everything should be initially filled in in rubles, translated into thousands or millions, and the rounding off of the indicators with halves should be adjusted so that the rules of arithmetic in the totals are not violated.

An example of a completed report on the movement of funds

We have introduced additional lines into the report (4111.1, 4111.2, 4111.3), since according to the example given there are advances received, as well as there are significant indicators that help to more fully disclose the financial activities of the enterprise.

The most common mistakes when filling out a cash flow statement

1. Errors of the accountant in the correct compilation of correspondence of invoices for the movement of funds- correct division into operating, investment and financial activities. Also, this can include the reflection of a payment or receipt, which refers to several types of activities, only for one of them, which accounts for a large share. For example, when purchasing fixed assets, spare parts and accessories for them were paid at the same time. In this case, it is correct to divide one payment into two types of activities: investment and operational, and not attribute everything to investment.
2. The absence of an indicator in the accounting policy for accounting purposes level of materiality, according to which, among other things, it is necessary to determine whether these assets or business transactions should be reflected in the report as a separate line (paragraph 2, clause 11 of PBU 4/99). This indicator can be set as a whole for accounting or separately for form 4 of the statement of cash flows. The framework within which the level of materiality should be located is not legally defined. Therefore, an organization can, for example, by analogy with PBU 9/99 and PBU 10/99, take a level of 5% of the amount of a certain group of articles or choose another one at its discretion. At the same time, assets or transactions that turned out to be an amount below the materiality level may still fall under the condition of mandatory segregated reflection in the statement of movement - if they affect the correct understanding of the reporting data on the financial position of the enterprise by interested users. The assigned level of materiality must also be reflected in the Notes to the balance sheet and the statement of financial results.
3. Failure to allocate VAT amounts to a separate cash flow- due to the complexity of such accounting. If you deliberately took such a step, it must also be fixed in the accounting policy for accounting and reflected in the Explanations to the balance sheet and the report on financial results. If you decide to comply with the requirements of RAS 23/2011 and the amount of VAT as part of the Other payments / receipts indicator turns out to be significant, it will need to be shown in a separate line.
4. Failure to comply with the requirements of paragraph 29 of PBU 4/99 on the composition of indicators of form 4, and focusing on the approved form of the statement of cash flows.
5. Ignoring the recommendations of the Ministry of Finance to auditors on the audit of annual accounting records... So, for example, in the letter dated January 22, 2016 No. 07-04-09 / 2355, it was specified that deductions to extra-budgetary funds must be reflected in the line of payments related to the remuneration of employees. Earlier, by letter dated January 29, 2014 No. 07-04-18 / 01, it was recommended to include the paid personal income tax and transfers according to the writ of execution of employees to the same line. If you reflected these amounts in other lines in the reporting for 2015, now it is worth showing them in line 4122, and also bring the data for 2015 to the appropriate form. Information on such recalculations should be disclosed in the Notes.

How to analyze a cash flow statement

Before the analysis, the table was supplemented with the necessary columns and indicators. First of all, we calculated the full amounts of cash inflow and outflow, they are the basis for calculating the structure of flows. The impact of exchange rate differences (line 4490) was attributed to payments, since it is negative.

Data for the analysis of the Statement of the movement of funds

Columns 4 and 6 have been added for vertical analysis, 7 and 8 for horizontal analysis.

But even before additional calculations on Form 4 are carried out, certain conclusions can be drawn. Indicators of cash flow balance… are quite informative.

In the example under consideration, the negative moment of the excess of cash outflow over inflow in the reporting year (line 4400) showed itself. So far, it cannot be said that this is an established trend, since the situation was reversed in the previous year. Thus, the organization in 2018 spent the backlog of funds in 2015.

With a more detailed analysis of the cash flow statement, it becomes clear that this happened due to investments in non-current assets, and at the expense of short-term credit funds. In 2015, there were no investments in investments, but there were loans to cover the cash gap. This is provided that for two years in a row a decision was made not to pay dividends (line 4322).

On the positive side - in the reporting for 2016, the indicator on export earnings was deduced, in 2015 it was not. It can be concluded that the organization is expanding its sales market, moreover, outside the state.

If we consider the structure of income in the framework of a vertical analysis, then a large share of receipts is provided by payments from buyers (more than 70%), 17% of cash inflows are provided through loans. Expenses, as expected, mostly consist of payments for raw materials and wages, both in 2015 (90%) and in 2016 (57%). But in 2018, the structure of expenses changed due to the need to repay loans (25%), which were spent, including on investments in non-current assets (14%).

As a result, we can conclude that the company is in the development stage, but the management should be more attentive to financial security (the excess of cash inflow over outflow).